1. DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
Why will the average school kid in Sudan only expect to live until the old age of 48?

2. Health problems in an ELDC
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
Health problems in an ELDC
By the end of the lesson you will be able to:
Describe health problems in an LEDC
Name different infectious and non-infectious diseases.
Describe causes, effects and controls for diseases.

3. VICIOUS CYCLE OF DISEASE
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
The quality of people’s health
is a developmental indicator
If many people are suffering ill health then this indicates a low level of development.
It is also a CAUSE of low levels of development
Person becomes weak
VICIOUS CYCLE OF DISEASE
Little food to eat
illness
Unable to work
poverty

4. Causes of ill-health Infectious diseases non-infectious diseases
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
They spread in two main ways: 1. people drink polluted water.
2. Tiny worms that burrow into the skin when people wash
Flies and mosquitos spread diseases by biting people and transferring contaminated blood
AIDs is the biggest killer in sub-Saharan Africa.
Causes of
ill-health
Spread by water
cholera
typhoid
Spread by flies
malaria
Sleeping sickness
other
AIDs
measles
Diet-deficiency
Under-nutrition
scurvy
others
cancers
Heart diseases
Infectious
diseases
non-infectious
diseases
People not eating enough food. Common in poor areas that have suffered from drought.
Common in MEDC and LEDC.

5. INFECTIOUS DISEASES Spread by water WATER-BASED DISEASES
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Spread by water
WATER-BASED DISEASES
These are spread by parasites living in the water and infecting an intermediary host/vector that gives us a disease. They can include;-
The freshwater snail infected by a fluke that infects people and carries SCHISTOSOMIASIS.

6. INFECTIOUS DISEASES Spread by flies WATER- RELATED DISEASES
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Spread by flies
WATER- RELATED DISEASES
These are where the organism which causes the disease lives in water for at least part of its life-cycle.
It can include the mosquito that breeds in water and causes MALARIA.

7. Other INFECTIOUS DISEASES
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
Other INFECTIOUS DISEASES
AIDS
There is a virus that can be shared through the transfer of bodily fluids. It is called HIV, and destroys part of your immune defence system. If you catch it, there is a chance it will develop into full-blown AIDS, and then even an infection like tuberculosis or another virus like measles can kill you.
It is caught often by needle-sharing drug users, through un-screened blood products being given in clinics, or by having unprotected sex with a victim.

8. NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Diet deficiency
Malnutrition often happens when diets are based on only one main food source and lacks variety supplied by nutritious foods.
Areas typical of this are the Indian sub-continent and South-east Asia.
A significant proportion of the population are unhealthy and unable to work for any length of time.
They are susceptible to other simple diseases and soon the whole economy suffers.

9. Other NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
Other NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Diabetes is where the body cannot deal with the sugars in your food that should be stored to release energy when needed. You can go into a diabetic shock if the balance is badly wrong.
Cancers are where the cells of the body keep dividing and won’t stop, as they should. A tumour grows and feeds off your blood supply, eventually killing you. Bits of the tumour can break off and travel to other parts of the body to grow there.

10. How can you control these diseases?
DEVELOPMENT & HEALTH
How can you control these diseases?
Produce more food
Increases infant mortality
Makes people weak & lethargic
Improve health facilities
Leaves victims with handicap
Which of these are:
Causes
Effects
Controls?
Provide clean water
People are needed as carers
Provide health education
Many diseases are killers
malaria
AIDs
cholera