1. Isotopes and Ions

2. Isotopes Atoms of the same element ALWAYS have the same # of protons. Atoms may have different amounts of neutrons. If they have different amounts of neutrons, they are called isotopes.

3. Carbon’s Isotopes IsotopeSymbolAtomic # # of Neutrons Mass #Radioactive? Carbon -12C-126612No Carbon - 13C-136713No Carbon - 14C-146814Yes Because Isotopes differ in # of neutrons, their masses are different too C-14 is radioactive, meaning that it is unstable. This causes it to break down and release radiation and energy.

4. Ions Positively charged = cations (t looks like +) Negatively charged = anions (aNions: N for negative) Remember: ATOMS are NEUTRAL (they have the same # of protons and electrons) IONS have a charge

5. Cations – Lose electrons Positive Ions: Losing electrons When H loses an electron it is called H +. When Ba loses 2 electrons it is called Ba 2+ Elements on the left side of the periodic table are more likely to LOSE electrons to form POSITIVE ions.

6. Anions – Gain electrons Negative ions: Gaining electrons When F gains an electron it is called F - When O gains an electron it is called O 2- Elements on the right side of the periodic table are more likely to GAIN electrons to form NEGATIVE ions.

7. Review! 1.Are cations positive or negative? 2.Are anions positive or negative? 3. 4.How many electrons do group 17 elements gain or lose? 5.What will we call Be after it becomes a cation?