1. Bellwork: The Foundations of Islam Today, you will learn about another Medieval Empire, the Byzantines. As a Christian empire, the Byzantines often conflicted with neighboring Muslim Empires, eventually leading to 200 years of war! (The Crusades) In order to understand the conflict, you will read about the foundations of Islam and respond to the following: Today, you will learn about another Medieval Empire, the Byzantines. As a Christian empire, the Byzantines often conflicted with neighboring Muslim Empires, eventually leading to 200 years of war! (The Crusades) In order to understand the conflict, you will read about the foundations of Islam and respond to the following: 1.Describe the origins of Islam. (founder, where, when) 2.Who was Muhammad? How did he contribute to Islam? 3.Summarize the basic beliefs of Islam. 4.Describe the Five Pillars of Islam. 5.THINKER: If Islam is technically a peaceful religion, why do many people associate Muslims with violence? Why do stereotypes about religious extremists tend to be more popular? Explain!

3. Islam

4. The Byzantine Empire

5. Throughout the 5 th century, the Rome’s territories in Europe and Africa fell to various invading or indigenous peoples 476AD – Division of the Empire Western Territory – Roman Empire (Roman Catholic) Eastern Territory – Byzantine Empire (Eastern Orthodox Christianity) After Rome fell, the Byzantine Empire dominated Eastern Europe.

6. The Byzantine Empire Greek-speaking Eastern half of the former Roman Empire (Eastern Orthodox Christianity) Greek-speaking Eastern half of the former Roman Empire (Eastern Orthodox Christianity) During most of its existence, it was the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. During most of its existence, it was the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. The capital city, Constantinople, was a key city for trade, spread of ideas, religion, culture, art, architecture, etc. The capital city, Constantinople, was a key city for trade, spread of ideas, religion, culture, art, architecture, etc. Their military, political and religious strength threatened the Muslims (Turks) who ruled the Middle East  Crusades! Their military, political and religious strength threatened the Muslims (Turks) who ruled the Middle East  Crusades! During the Fourth Crusade, the Muslims took Constantinople and invaded the Byzantine Empire. During the Fourth Crusade, the Muslims took Constantinople and invaded the Byzantine Empire. Despite the efforts to re-establish the empire, the Turks progressively took control of Byzantine states during the 15 th century, eventually leading to its decline. Despite the efforts to re-establish the empire, the Turks progressively took control of Byzantine states during the 15 th century, eventually leading to its decline.

8. The Baptism of Constantine

10. Byzantine Church: Hagia Sophia

11. The Division of the Empire after the Fourth Crusade

12. Engineering an Empire: The Byzantines