1. Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA p. 1 Towards a more even distribution of the future insights from Ariadne Erik Duval Dept. Computerwetenschappen K.U.Leuven http://www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/~erikd

2. p. 2 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA creativecommons.org Attribution. The licensor permits others to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work. In return, licensees must give the original author credit. Share Alike. The licensor permits others to distribute derivative works under a license identical to the one that governs the licensor's work.

3. p. 3 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Basic idea… "The future has arrived; it's just not evenly distributed.” --William Gibson

4. p. 4 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA In the beginning… Who is using learning objects? Who is re-using learning objects? –Somebody else’s? –Where & how did you find them? Repository? Friends? Who is a researcher in this area? –A user? For whom has learning technology really made a difference? Added value? Really?

5. p. 5 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA ARIADNE A European Foundation, open to the world, for sharing and reusing knowledge, education for all and international collaboration, at the service of the learning citizen Timing –1996-2000: projects –July 2000: Foundation

6. p. 6 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA ARIADNE Knowledge Pool System Repository ≠referratory Replication –all metadata –some objects Access –No –Local org –ARIADNE –Open

7. p. 7 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA SILO: Ariadne “out of the box” http://rubens.cs.kuleuven.ac.be:8989/silo/

8. p. 8 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA International: members

9. p. 9 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Open: learning objects

10. p. 10 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Knowledge Pool System

11. p. 11 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Tipping Point Inflection “tipping” point 0 inventionadoption pioneers everyone Wayne Hodgins & Ellen Wagner, Learnativity

12. p. 12 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Ariadne and standards

13. p. 13 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA We’ve come a long way… LO LOM LMS Admin Content packaging Simple sequencing CMI QTI RCD Ariadne: 1995 ADL: 1997

14. p. 14 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Still more to be done… What is so specific to learning about –Metadata  DC-LOM –Packaging  MPEG-21 –Sequencing  SMIL –Repositories  Z39.50 Standards are for developers, tools, … not for end users –“do you do SCORM?” Standards do not guarantee good learning! –Nor good travel, literature, dinner, …

15. p. 15 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA This is reality… OrgUsersContentStandardsUsage Oracle600k450k objectsSCORM, QTI, EP6k/d UFI900k900 coursesSCORM, LOM, CMI, QTI, LIP50k/d Cisco100k1.4M objectsSCORM, LOM MSFT 80k1M objectsSCORM, LOM, QTI, CP50k/d HP160k5k coursesSCORM, QTI, AICC5k/d Sun 30kSCORM, AICC5k/d U Mass 60k15k objectsSCORM, AICC U In. 85k20k coursesOKI, IMS12k/d MIT 50k25k objectsOKI standards are being applied “at scale” Thanks to Dan Rehak (CMU)

16. p. 16 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Opening up ARIADNE http://rubens.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/ariadneDoc/jsp/Wiki?AWSConfig

17. Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA p. 17 Based on slide ©Merlot, Gerry Hanley

18. p. 18 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Federated Search http://rubens.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/AWS-4.2/sqi/sqi.jsphttp://fedsearch.merlot.org/main/search.jsp

19. p. 19 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Yet, for each new technology 1.Euphoria and hype 2.Struggle to produce material for the new medium 3.Mature judgment 4.Disappointment and cynicism 5.Wait for the next technology that will be the answer -anon. & Andy Van Dam, EdMedia2002

20. p. 20 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Where are we? People here care a lot about features People here want reliability, convenience “no fuss or bother” http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jfc/cs160/SP03/ We are here!

21. p. 21 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Tools Usability

22. p. 22 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Electronic forms must die ! Ariadne, Merlot, …

23. p. 23 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Metadata generation http://toledo.kuleuven.ac.be/ Source of metadata –Content, Author, Context (course), Related learning objects, … Templates of reusable metadata Important “psychological” effect… Integration in authoring tool! –Microsoft, Macromedia, …

24. p. 24 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA This is not rocket science! (it’s called context)

25. p. 25 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Email: bloomba…

26. p. 26 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Local hard disk: Enfish

27. p. 27 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA “stuff I’ve seen” http://research.microsoft.com/adapt/sis/

28. p. 28 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Location based search http://location.google.com Mobile learning Relevant learning

29. p. 29 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Gracenote CDDB 10,000 submissions daily from 160 countries in 65 languages http://www.gracenote.com/music/ http://www.gracenote.com/music/ (submit a change)

30. p. 30 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Social recommending

31. p. 31 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA We can cluster too! http://www.vivisimo.com/

32. p. 32 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Really… grokker

33. p. 33 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA http://www.visitorville.com/

34. p. 34 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Research on Visualization Joris Klerkx, Erik Duval and Michael Meire, Using Information Visualization for accessing Learning Object Repositories, 8th International Conference on Information Visualization, http://www.graphicslink.demon.co.uk/IV04/ http://www.graphicslink.demon.co.uk/IV04/

35. p. 35 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Personal learning stream http://last.fm/

36. p. 36 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Documents must die http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/interactive/civilisations/ Go reuse this!

37. p. 37 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Research on Content Model “Documents must die” Intra-object interoperability Dynamic content composition Katrien Verbert, Erik Duval, Towards a Global Architecture for Learning Objects: A Comparative Analysis of Learning Object Content Models, EdMedia2004

38. p. 38 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Let’s get better at getting better… Analyse Develop & Modify spec Develop & Modify tools standard

39. p. 39 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Research on Empirical Analysis Metadata ElementMost used Vocab- value (V) Freq. (V) Percent (V) Element Filled in (%) Document language French52149%24% Science type Exact and natural sciences 71084%18 % Main disciplineInformatics22431%15 % Usage rightsFree45689%11 % Sub-disciplineGeneral/Sundry216%8 % Document typeActive21863%7 % Document formatSelf assessment3122%3 % User typeLearner4481%1 % Media (MIME) type(s) Text/HTML1212%2 % Operating systemMulti OS6257%2 % Jehad Najjar, Stefaan Ternier, Erik Duval, User Behavior in Learning Object Repositories: An Empirical Analysis, EdMedia2004

40. p. 40 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Beyond content… Glueing content together at higher level than sequencing or packaging –Instructional design, patterns, … Social aspects, CSCL –People & organizations Emotion, beauty, relevance, meaning (Don Norman)

41. p. 41 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA Wrap-up Ariadne: share & reuse Standards for critical mass –Opening up, collaboration between MERLOT & ARIADNE Usability to break into mainstream –Does not require breakthroughs, just better spreading of the future

42. p. 42 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA The best is yet to come ! -- Novastar

43. p. 43 Merlot Conference, 4 August 2004, Costa Mesa, CA, USA The End... Thanks! Questions? http://www.ariadne-eu.org http://www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/~erikd