1. The Cold War Review

2. During the Cold War what did the United stated believe in? Capitalism and Individual Rights

3. What did the Soviet Union believe in? Communism and having total control over people’s lives

4. Post war goals of Great Britain, and the US,: A strong united Germany Independence for the Nations of Eastern Europe

5. Post war goals of the Soviet Union: A weak divided Germany To maintain control of Eastern Europe

6. Satellite State: Small country controlled by a more powerful neighbor

7. Iron Curtain: Imaginary barrier separating Soviet-controlled countries and the free world

8. Cold War: Struggle in which the U.S. and Soviet Union became rivals but never fought directly in military conflict

9. What did the Soviets want to spread? Communism What did we want to do about it? we wanted to stop them

10. Truman Doctrine: President Truman’s policy to aid nations struggling against communism

11. What happened to Berlin and what did Stalin do about it? Berlin was split into East (Communist) and West (Non-communist) Stalin blockaded the city

12. Berlin Airlift: Operation in which the U.S. and Britain broke the Soviet blockade of West Berlin

13. Who were the NATO and Warsaw Pact countries? Why were they formed? Formed for collective Security

14. Who took over China? Mao Zedong, a Communist leader

15. During the 1950’s how much landmass was under Communist control? One fourth of the world’s landmass

16. 38⁰ Parallel: Dividing line between North Korea and South Korea

17. What did McArthur favor vs. Truman? McArthur – invade China to win a total victory; Truman – limited war to stabilize Korea

18. Atomic timeline: US had atomic bomb 1949 Soviets had the atomic bomb US created Hydrogen bomb by 1953 Soviets had the H- bomb

19. Arms race: Race in which countries compete to build more powerful weapons

20. Mutually assured destruction: Policy in which the U.S. and Soviet Union hoped to deter nuclear war by building up enough weapons to destroy each other

21. How did Americans prepare for a nuclear threat? They built bomb shelters practiced “duck and cover” drills

22. Who took over when Stalin died? Nikita Khrushchev

23. Massive Retaliation: Policy of threatening to use massive force in response to aggression

24. CIA: Central Intelligence Agency; American intelligence- gathering organization

25. Sputnik: Soviet satellite sent orbit around the earth (before the US)

26. NASA: American organization that coordinates the space- related efforts of scientists and the military

27. Red Scare: American reaction to the fear that communists were working to destroy American life

28. Smith Act: Law making it illegal to teach about or advocate the violent overthrow of the U.S. government

29. HUAC: Congressional committee that investigated possible subversive activities within the United States

30. McCarthyism: Negative catchword for extreme, reckless charges of disloyalty

31. What happened to the Rosenbergs and why? American couple executed for passing atomic secrets to Soviet agents