1. Do Now/Motivation: Why do you think oil is so valuable?

2. Muhammad Ali – ‘father of modern Egypt’ Suez Canal - connecting the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea through Egypt. Nationalists - The belief that nations will benefit from acting independently... (nationalism = pride in your country)

4. Suez Canal opened to traffic in November 1869 It was built by Frenchman Ferdinand de Lesseps using Egyptian forced labour; an estimated 120,000 workers died during construction. The Suez Canal provided a vital trading route from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea and beyond to Africa and Asia. By 1955 approximately two-thirds of Europe's oil passed through the canal

5. 1. What was the purpose for building the Suez Canal? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 2. Why would an imperial colony want to have control of the Suez Canal? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________

6. 3.What did Muhammad Ali do for Egypt? __________________________________ 4. Which European nation had the strongest influence in southern Iran? ________________________ 5. Which European nation had the strongest influence in northern Iran? _________________________

7. Which three powerful nations competed to control the oil fields in Iran? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ How did this upset the balance of power between these nations? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________