1. Mandala (Sanskrit: मण्डल Ma ṇḍ ala, 'circle') is a spiritual and ritual symbol in Hinduism and Buddhism, representing the Universe. The basic form of most mandalas is a square with four gates containing a circle with a center point. Each gate is in the general shape of a T. Mandalas often exhibit radial balance.

2. Warm-up: Monday 1.What countries do you think make up “South Asia? 2.What major world religions do you think started in South Asia? * Get out your religion cornell notes and major world religions chart *

3. Religions of South Asia

5. Hinduism Origins: Evolved in India about 1500 BCE (blending of Indus Valley Civilization beliefs and Aryans) Beliefs: By leading a good life, a person can be released from the cycle of reincarnation and achieve union with God Adherents: about 800 million

6. Hinduism Caste – group of people born into a certain position in society, as in Hinduism, that restricts the occupation and associations of their members

7. The Caste System Today Practicing untouchability or discriminating a person based on his caste is legally forbidden. Along with this law the government allows positive discrimination of the depressed classes of India. In general the urban people in India are less strict about the caste system than the rural. In cities one can see different caste people mingling with each other, while in some rural areas there is still discrimination based on castes and sometimes also on untouchability.

9. Dalits, aka “Untouchables”

10. Hinduism Reincarnation – the soul is reborn again and again in different forms

11. Hinduism Dharma – importance of doing one’s duty according to one’s station in life (also means being a good person) Karma – positive or negative force caused by a person’s actions People who fulfill their dharma earn good karma and may be reborn as persons of higher status

12. Hinduism Good karma =  Bad karma =

13. Hindus don’t eat beef… In Hinduism, the cow is revered as the source of food and symbol of life and may never be killed. Hindus do not worship the cow, however, cows do not have especially charmed lives in India.

14. Death in Hindu society For most Hindus, cremation is the ideal method for dealing with the dead, although many groups practice burial instead; infants are buried rather than cremated. At the funeral site, in the presence of the male mourners, the closest relative of the deceased (usually the eldest son) takes charge of the final rite and, if it is cremation, lights the funeral pyre.

15. Hinduism Ganges River: Holy for Hindus Varanasi http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVgqcZl -c6g&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVgqcZl -c6g&feature=related

16. Gopura at the Minakshi-Sundareshvara Temple Gopura at the Minakshi-Sundareshvara Temple, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, South India

17. Vishvanatha Temple Vishvanatha Temple Khajuraho, India

18. TED talks: 5 major religions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6dCxo 7t_aEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6dCxo 7t_aE

19. Buddhism Origins: Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, founded Buddhism in northern India in the 5 th or 6 th century BCE Beliefs: By following the Buddha’s teachings, one can achieve Enlightenment and be freed from the cycle of reincarnation -4 Noble Truths -8 Fold Path Adherents: About 376 million

20. Buddhism The story of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha…

21. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=C14062CD-5CFD- 4796-9C4C- 36FE65D922DF&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=UShttp://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=C14062CD-5CFD- 4796-9C4C- 36FE65D922DF&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=US Ho tai – “Laughing Buddha”

22. Diffusion of Buddhism Buddhism diffused gradually from its origin in northeastern India to Sri Lanka, southeast Asia, and eventually China and Japan. Sri Lanka, southeast Asia, and eventually China and Japan.

23. The Great Stupa The Great Stupa Sanchi, India

24. Swayabhunath Stupa Swayabhunath Stupa Kathmandu, Nepal

25. That Phanom Shrine Thailand

26. Buddha Statue Buddha Statue, Borobudur, Java

27. Sikhism Origins: founded during the late 15 th century in Punjab area in northern India by Guru Nanak (1469-1538) Beliefs: Sikhs believe in one God and follow the teachings of 10 gurus (teachers) who lived during the 15 th to 17 th centuries Adherents: about 23 million

28. Golden Temple Golden Temple, Amritsar, India https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dCNTNq kx1_Uhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dCNTNq kx1_U

29. The Five “K”s Each is a symbol of their faith and represent such things as cleanliness, eternity, strength, and goodness.

31. Jainism Origins: founded in the 6 th century BCE in India by Mahavira Beliefs: Spiritual teachers help followers break free from the cycle of reincarnation Adherents: About 4 million

33. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=87EB674C-318F-42C5- 9975- A8A86BBE86AE&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=UShttp://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=87EB674C-318F-42C5- 9975- A8A86BBE86AE&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=US

34. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=3B1EEEDB-2F4D- 4D7F-96C8- 0D9F0AA1FDC6&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=UShttp://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=3B1EEEDB-2F4D- 4D7F-96C8- 0D9F0AA1FDC6&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=US