1. Science Science  What are differences between “science” and “non-science”?  What are some “hallmarks” of science?  Chapter Quick Quiz Reading Q’s

2. Science Science or Non-Science? Could these be evaluated scientifically? Could these be evaluated scientifically? The Yankees are the best baseball team of all time. The Yankees are the best baseball team of all time. Several kilometers below its surface, Jupiter’s moon Europa has an ocean of liquid water Several kilometers below its surface, Jupiter’s moon Europa has an ocean of liquid water My house is haunted by ghosts who make creaking noises I hear every night. My house is haunted by ghosts who make creaking noises I hear every night. Dogs are smarter than cats. Dogs are smarter than cats.

3. Science Science or Non-Science? Could these be evaluated scientifically? Could these be evaluated scientifically? There is no liquid water on the surface of Mars today. There is no liquid water on the surface of Mars today. Children born when Jupiter is in front of Taurus are more likely to be musicians than other children. Children born when Jupiter is in front of Taurus are more likely to be musicians than other children. Aliens can manipulate time so that they can abduct people and perform experiments on them without people every realizing they were taken. Aliens can manipulate time so that they can abduct people and perform experiments on them without people every realizing they were taken.

4. Science Science or Non-Science? Could these be evaluated scientifically? Could these be evaluated scientifically? Newton’s law of gravity works as well for explaining orbits of planets around other stars as it does for planets in our own solar system. Newton’s law of gravity works as well for explaining orbits of planets around other stars as it does for planets in our own solar system. God created the laws of motion that were discovered by Newton. God created the laws of motion that were discovered by Newton. A huge fleet of alien spacecraft will land on Earth on January 1, 2020. A huge fleet of alien spacecraft will land on Earth on January 1, 2020.

5. Science Hallmarks of Science Seek explanations from natural causes Seek explanations from natural causes Progresses through creation and testing of models of nature that explain observations as simply as possible. Progresses through creation and testing of models of nature that explain observations as simply as possible. Makes testable predictions, and revises or abandons models if predictions don’t agree with observations. Makes testable predictions, and revises or abandons models if predictions don’t agree with observations.

6. Science Hallmarks of Science Seek explanations from natural causes Seek explanations from natural causes “supernatural” reasons are not scientific “supernatural” reasons are not scientific Moon reflects sunlight Moon reflects sunlight Retrograde motion from different orbits and speeds Retrograde motion from different orbits and speeds

7. Science Hallmarks of Science Progresses through creation and testing of models of nature that explain observations as simply as possible. Progresses through creation and testing of models of nature that explain observations as simply as possible. Copernican heliocentric model vs. Ptolemaic Copernican heliocentric model vs. Ptolemaic Kepler’s laws Kepler’s laws

8. Science Hallmarks of Science Makes testable predictions, and revises or abandons models if predictions don’t agree with observations. Makes testable predictions, and revises or abandons models if predictions don’t agree with observations. Geocentrism out with Galileo’s observations of Venus phase/size changes, Jupiter’s moons Geocentrism out with Galileo’s observations of Venus phase/size changes, Jupiter’s moons Lack of observed parallax because? Lack of observed parallax because?