1. OECD Global Science Forum Project on Sustainable Business Models for Data Repositories

2. 2  Govt. and research funder policies mandate Open data.  OECD Principles and Guidelines, 2007  G8 Science Ministers Statement, 2013  Major funders in US, UK, EC Horizon 2020 data policy etc.  Need for sustainable data repositories and data stewardship.  Increasing volume presents a challenge.  Requirements for stewardship present a greater challenge.  Concern that current funding models are inflexible and will not meet the growing requirements  Sustaining digital data infrastructure is a major issue for science policy!  Witnessing Innovation  Changes in funding / business models (Archaeology Data Service, DANS, ICPSR)  Innovative business models (Dryad, FigShare); challenge for Europe Open Science Cloud. Summary of the Problem

3. 3  The cost of data stewardship should (ideally) be an essential, integral part of the cost of doing research.  Ongoing work on the cost of data curation.  4C Project (Collaboration to Clarify the Costs of Curation) http://4cproject.eu/http://4cproject.eu/  Little work has been done on the economics and business models of data infrastructure.  Blue Ribbon Task Group Report on Sustainable Digital Preservation: http://brtf.sdsc.edu/biblio/BRTF_Final_Report.pdf http://brtf.sdsc.edu/biblio/BRTF_Final_Report.pdf  Sustaining Domain Repositories for Digital Data: A White Paper (ICPSR): http://datacommunity.icpsr.umich.edu/sites/default/files/WhitePaper_ICPSR_ SDRDD_121113.pdf http://datacommunity.icpsr.umich.edu/sites/default/files/WhitePaper_ICPSR_ SDRDD_121113.pdf  Need for work on who pays and how: analysis of income streams, of innovative funding models, of willingness to pay and responsibilities, of business models in general. Summary of the Problem

4. 4  Interest Group on Cost Recovery / Income Streams for Data Repositories.  Co-Chairs: Anita de Waard (Elsevier Research), Ingrid Dillo (DANS), Simon Hodson (CODATA).  Landscape survey of income streams of 25 data repositories, including detailed interviews.  Typology of income streams. SWOT analysis of mian business models.  Final Report: Income Streams for Data Repositories https://rd- alliance.org/system/files/documents/Income_Streams_for_Data_Repositories- FINAL-160210.pdfhttps://rd- alliance.org/system/files/documents/Income_Streams_for_Data_Repositories- FINAL-160210.pdf Highlights of the Deliverable

5. 5

6. 6  Structural funding supports c.50% of repositories surveyed.  Structural funding often supplemented and some concerns expressed about flexibility and adaptability.  Many data repositories value participation in R&D projects, and many are highly dependent on this grant income but overheads need to be considered.  Concern about administrative overheads and that encourage cheaper, lower levels of curation.  Many repositories interested in charging for value-added services.  Data deposit fees are being explored by a small number of repositories. Preliminary Conclusions from Survey and Analysis

7. 7 Repositories exploring alternative income streams

8. 8  Increasing core structural funding (given priority for data)  Contracts for specific services offered (hosting, archiving, curation)  Expanding the number of affiliated institutions (services, member benefits)  Deposit fees  Charging for value-added data or services  Specific services for the commercial sector  Sponsorship  SWOT analysis in RDA Session in Paris explored the pros and cons of various income streams and business models. Alternative Income Streams Under Consideration

9. 9  Global science policy forum (33 countries + EU)  Working Party of the Committee on Science and Technology Policy within the OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Directorate.  Convenes national delegates from science ministries, funding agencies and academia  Open to non-member countries and partners  Venue for shared learning, bench-marking and consensus building.  GSF reports can be influential – land on ministers’ desks  Possibility of OECD recommendations that are ‘soft law’, e.g. 2007 guidelines on access to data from public research The OECD-Global Science Forum (GSF)

10. 10  Questions to address: 1.How are data repositories currently funded? 2.What innovative income streams are available? 3.How do income streams match willingness/ability to pay of various stakeholders? 4.How do income streams/willingness to pay fit together into a sustainable business model?  Builds on existing work of RDA-WDS Working Group.  Broader landscape study of current funding models.  Focus group on innovative income streams.  In-depth economic analysis of business models.  Test business models with stakeholder groups.  Policy recommendations based on concrete business model options. Impact and Adoption: OECD GSF Project on Business Models

11. 11  Q1 April-June 2016: Project set up; Expert Group virtual meetings; data repository interviews, inc. those identified by GSF.  Q2 July-Sept 2016: Complete income streams landscape survey; focus group on innovative income streams; develop economic analysis of business models.  Q3 Oct-Dec 2016: Stakeholder Workshop (inc. GSF) on Business Models.  Q4 Jan-March 2017: Iterate draft report and recommendations with Expert Group.  March/April 2017: final report with recommendations on sustainable business models presented to GSF for final approval.  International Expert Group: comprising nominees from GSF delegates and from CODATA, RDA and WDS.  Workshops 1) on innovative income streams and cost restraint and 2) to test business models. Impact and Adoption: OECD GSF Project on Business Models

12. 12  OECD GSF Project will launch with Expert Group meeting in April or June.  Contact Ingrid Dillo ingrid.dillo@dans.knaw.nl, Simon Hodson simon@codata.org, or Carthage Smith Carthage.SMITH@oecd.orgingrid.dillo@dans.knaw.nlsimon@codata.org Carthage.SMITH@oecd.org Next Steps and Contact Information