1. Energy

2. Vocabulary not in the Glossary

3. PARAMETERS Characteristic or factor; aspect; element A variable parámetros

4. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS A substance consisting of atoms or ions of two or more different elements in definite proportions joined by chemical bonds into a molecule. A substance made of two or more elements, such as water (2 hydrogens and one oxygen.) compuestos químicos

5. INCLINE A ramp or at an angle Inclinación

6. TOTAL ENERGY The sum of all the energies in a system. Total de energía

7. CONSTANT Not changing or varying. constante

8. MAXIMUM The highest amount, value, or degree attained or recorded. máximo

9. TRANSFORM To change in form, appearance, or structure transformar

10. CONVERT To change into a different form, appearance, or structure covertir

11. PENDULUM A body suspended from a fixed point as to move to and fro by the action of gravity péndulo

12. CONSERVATION The act or an instance of conserving or keeping from change, loss, injury, etc conservación

13. CHEMICAL BONDS A force of attraction that holds atoms or ions together in a molecule or crystal. Bonds are usually created by a transfer or sharing of one or more electrons. There are single, double, and triple bonds. enlaces

14. Single Bond

15. Double Bond

16. Triple Bond

17. Atomic Structure

18. NUCLEUS The positively charged central region of an atom, composed of one or more protons and (for all atoms except hydrogen) one or more neutrons, containing most of the mass of the atom. The center part of an atom that has the protons and neutrons and most of the mass. One kind of nuclear reaction, known as nuclear fission occurs when a nucleus splits. Núcleo

22. Energy Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. Work is a force is exerted on an object, causing it to move – Transfer of energy Energy is measured in joules (J)

23. Two Main Types of Energy Kinetic Energy Potential Energy

24. Kinetic Energy Energy due to MOTION Energy of a moving object Depends upon mass and velocity

25. Kinetic Energy

26. Potential Energy Stored energy – From an object’s position or shape Potential to do work 3.5 meters 2 meters

27. Potential Energy Gravitational potential energy Elastic potential energy

28. Gravitational Potential Energy Related to an object’s height The higher an object is, the greater its GPE The more an object weighs, the greater an object’s GPE

29. Gravitational Potential Energy

30. Elastic Potential Energy Stored energy gained from stretching or compressing an object

31. GRAVITY The force that pulls objects toward each other. gravedad

32. FRICTION The force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each other. fricción

33. Forms of energy Types of Kinetic Energy – Mechanical energy – Thermal energy – Electrical energy – Electromagnetic energy Types of Potential Energy (besides GPE & EPE) – Chemical energy – Nuclear energy

34. Mechanical Energy Energy associated with the motion or position of an object Quarterback transfers mechanical energy to the football

35. Mechanical Energy Mechanical energy = potential energy + kinetic energy (ME = PE + KE) The higher the football, the greater its potential energy. The faster a football moves, the greater its kinetic energy. The more mechanical energy an object has, the more work it can do on another object.

36. Calculating Mechanical Energy ME = PE+ KE Remember that GPE (J) = weight(N) * height (m) KE = ½ mass * velocity 2

37. Calculating Mechanical Energy

38. Thermal Energy Total potential and kinetic energy of atoms and molecules in an object. The faster the atoms and molecules move, the more kinetic energy thermal energy

39. Electrical Energy Energy of electric charges Electric shock Lightning

40. Electromagnetic energy Energy that travels in waves Some electrical properties, some magnetic Sunlight Microwave Radio waves X-rays UV radiation

41. Chemical energy Potential energy stored in chemical bonds that hold chemical compounds together Chemical energy is released when bonds break Food Matches your body

42. Nuclear energy Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom Released during a nuclear reaction Nuclear power plants use fission to produce electricity