2. Grammar and usage

3. The attributive clause introduced by prep. + which The attributive clause introduced by prep. + whom

5. —What is the picture for? —This is a picture from which you can know more about the growing pains in Unit two. —Oh, I see. That is wonderful.

6. —Who is he? —He is one of the main characters in the growing pains from whom we can know the main character’s personality.

7. Look! Here is a map from which we can know more about China.

8. —What is this? —It is a wonderful scenery from which we can know much about the mountains.

9. —Look at this father. He loves his daughter so much. —But I don’t like the way( in which/that) he treats his kid.

10. 1. 关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限 制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性 定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能 用 whom 指人， which 指物；但如 果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关 系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语 中。如： 温馨提示：

11. Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to? The pencil (which / that) he was writing with suddenly broke.

12. 2. 以 the way 为先行词的限制性定语从 句通常由 in which 或 that 引导，而且通 常可以省略。如： The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising. 他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。 I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her. 我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。

13. 3. 介词的选用原则 1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭 配来决定。如： ① This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan. ② This is the book for which I paid 8 yuan. spend money on sth. 为固定搭配 pay money for sth. 为固定搭配

14. 2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如： ① I remember the day on which I joined the League. ② I remember the days during which I lived here. ③ I remember the month in which I stayed there. 强调在具体某一天要用介词 on 强调在某几天时间内要用介词 during 在 month 前介词要用 in

15. 4. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介 词仍放在短语动词的后面。如： look for, look after, take care of 等。如： ① This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. 这是我正在找的手表。 This is the watch for which I am looking. 正 误

16. ② The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。 The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. 正 误

17. 5. “ 介词 + 关系代词 ” 前或后还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者数词。如： ① He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都 很好。

18. ② In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which (=of which some) have gone bad. 篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。 ③ There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom (=of whom most) are from big cities. 我们班总共有 40 个学生，大多数来自 大城市。

19. ④ Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which (=of which three) are about country life. 迄今为止，他写了 10 部小说，其中３ 部是关于农村生活的。

20. 高考链接 介词加关系代词引导 的定语从句

21. 1. The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ____ the cross- river traffic is the heaviest. ( 江苏 2005) A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which

22. 2. He was educated at a local grammar school, ____ he went on to Cambridge. （山东 2005 ） A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this

23. 简析： 题 1 中 the place 在定语从句中作 to be built 的地点状语，此处的 at which 相 当于 where; 后面是表语从句，表示建 在某地。 题 2 表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥 深造，故选 C 。

24. 3. I have many friends, ______some are businessmen. ( 全国 2005 ） A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom

25. 4. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ________ she had come. ( 重庆 2006) A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which

26. 5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ____we gave some bells and glasses. ( 湖南 2006) A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which

27. 6.I was given three books on cooking, the first _____I really enjoyed. ( 浙江 2006) A. of that B. of which C. that D. which 题 3 、 4 、 5 、 6 考查考生对 “ 介词 + 关系 代词 ” 引导的定语从句的掌握及其灵活 运用情况。

28. 1. Do you like the book _________ she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book ________ she paid $10? on which Use proper prepositions and relative pronouns to fill in the blanks. for which Practice one

29. 3. Do you like the book __________ she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book ___________ she often talks? 5. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______ is the Yellow River. from which about which of which

30. 6. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 7. This is the book _____ I am looking for. to whom which

31. 1.American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently. （ 04 上海） A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom Practice two

32. 2. The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. （ 04 全国 I ） A. for whichB. at which C. in which D. on which

33. 3. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ______ five are mine. （ 04 全国 IV ） A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which

34. 4. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days. （ 04 广西） A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which

35. The attributive clause introduced by when, where and why.

36. —Look ! What day is it today? Why are they getting together again? —Today is March, 12th when people get together to plant trees!

37. Where is it? It is the basketball court. It is a place where we can play basketball indoors.

38. Who is she? She is Mrs. Green and she has asked for a leave for her giving a birth to her kid. That is the reason why she doesn’t come to work as usual.

39. 定语从句中关系副词的使用 1. 定语从句中关系副词有： when, where, why 2. 关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份： 关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。 when 作时间状语； where 作地点状语； why 作原因状语。如：

40. He remember the day when his father died. I went back to the place where I was born and grew up. Please give me the reason why you were late this time. when 作时间状语，意为 on the day where 作地点状语，意为 in the place why 作原因状语，意为 for the reason

41. 3. 并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因 的词时都用 when, where, why ，若先 行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是 作主语或宾语，就必须用 which 或 that 。 如： We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside. which 在定语从句中作宾语

42. 比较 : We often think of the days when we worked together in the countryside. when 在定语从句中作时间状语，相当 于 on the days 。 We believe the reason that he told us. 比较 : The reason why/for which he was absent yesterday is still unknown.

43. 4. 关系副词 when, where 和 why 也可用 “ 介 词 +which” 来代替，要注意其先行词 （名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根 据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确 定。 when 相当于 “at/in/during…+which” where 相当于 “in/at/on…+which” why 相当于 “for + which” 如：

44. Is this the day when/on which I visited the museum? Please put the letter on the desk where/on which he can easily find it. This is the reason why/for which he didn’t come to the meeting.

45. I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league. 句中 when 相当于 on which when 在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 “ 介词 + 关系代词（ which ） ” 。如： Detailed explanation where 在定语从句中作地点状语，相当 于 “ 介词 + 关系代词（ which ） ” 。如： This is the room where Lu Xun once lived. 句中 when 相当于 in which

46. why 在定语从句中作原因状语，相当 于 “ 介词 for+ 关系代词（ which ） ” 。 如： Do you know the reason why she was late? It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.

47. 思考 是否所有的介词 + 关系代词都能用关系 副词代替 ? 1.The painting (________ I looked) was painted by me. 2.The book (___________ I heard) was written twenty years ago. at which about which

48. 3.The pen (__________ she wrote that book) can now be seen in a museum. 4.Kunming is a beautiful place ( _____________) flowers are seen all the year round. 5.Yesterday we went to visit the house ( _____________ ) the great writer used to live. with which where/in which where/in which

49. 6. I will never forgot the day (_____________ ) I first met you on the ship. 7. The film (____________I fell asleep) was very boring. 结论：只有当 “ 介词 + 关系代词 ” 充当地 点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才 能用关系副词代替。 on which/when during which

50. 注意：关系副词与关系代词在定语从句 中的关系： “ 介词 + 关系代词 ” 在从句中作状语相当 于一个关系副词。如： 王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂。 这个句子有以下三种表达方式：

51. The factory that/which Mr. Wang works in is a shoe one. The factory in which Mr. Wang works is a shoe one. The factory where Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.

52. 他将永远记住他入团的那天。 1. He will forever remember the day that/which he joined the League on. 2. He will forever remember the day on which he joined the League. 3. He will forever remember the day when he joined the League.

53. 1. I shall never forget those years ______ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life. (1994 上海 ) A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who 高考链接

54. 2. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child. (NMET1996) A. which B. that C. where D. when

55. 3. The film brought the hours back to me______ I was taken good care of in that faraway village. (NMET2001) A. until B. that C. when D. where

56. 4. Is this the reason ____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002 上海春季 ) A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained

57. 5. There was ____ time_____ I hated to go to school. (2004 湖北卷 ) A. a, that B. a, when C. the, that D. the, when

58. 6. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _____ many people have got home. (1995 上海 ) A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which

59. 7. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ______ was very reasonable. (2000 上海 ) A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose

60. 8. American women usually identify their best friend as someone_____ they can talk frequently. (2004 上海卷 ) A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom

61. 9. The English play_____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. (2004 全国高考 I) A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

62. 10 ． There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ____ five are mine. (2004 全国高考 IV) A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which

63. 1. I still remember the day ________ I came here. 2. I still remember the day _____ I came here. 3. I still remember the day __________ we spent together. on which when which/that Finish the following exercises.

64. 1. I went to the place ________ we worked ten years ago. 2. I went to the place ______ we worked ten years ago. 3. I went to the place ______ we visited ten years ago. in which where which

65. 1.This is the reason ________ he was late. 2. This is the reason ____ he was late. for which why

66. 1. The train _____she was traveling was late. A. which B. where C. on which D. in that 2. He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept. A. that B. in which C. under which D. which

67. 3. I want to know the reason _____he didn’t attend the meeting. A. that B. which C. for that D. why 4. Can you remember the afternoon ____I went to your home to borrow a diamond necklace of yours? A. which B. that C. X D. when

68. 5. The person ______we had worked on the farm wrote to us yesterday. A. to whom B. with whom C. who D. that 6. That’s the day __________ I’ll never forget. A. when B. on which C. that D. on that

69. 7. I can remember the sitting room __________my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. where 8. When you read the book you’d better make a mark in the place _______ you have any questions. A. at which B. at where C. the place where D. where

70. 9. That’s the reason_______ I wrote to him. A. for that B. because C. why D. that 10. Hang zhou is the place ________ I visited last year. A. where B. in which C. why D. that

71. 11. The day__________ I was given a job finally came. A. when B. in which C. on that D. \ 12. The house__________ he lived is now a library. A. in which B. on which C. which D. \

72. 13. The date_________ he joined the party was July 1,1958. A. in which B. at which C. during which D. on which 14. The reason________ he gave me was unreasonable. A. for which B. why C. that D. when