1. Reform Solutions to city problems PROGRESSIVES- make positive changes in America

2. Prohibition  Ban on the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages

3. Temperance Movement  Prohibition Party (1869)  Women’s Christian Temperance Union (1874)  Anti- Saloon League(1893)  Opposed alcohol because they saw it as the cause of personal tragedies

5.  Undermined morals  Religious undertones

7.  18 th Amendment (Volstead Act) bans alcohol (1919)  More than half of the nation was already “dry”

9. Prohibition Era 1919-1933  Speakeasies  - illegal clubs where liquor was sold  Bootleggers  - producers of illegal booze (danger) (local ties)  Some imported from Canada  Al Capone

10. Detroit liquor bust

11. Raid in Ontario, Canada

12. 1111933- 21st Amendment repeals (reverses) Prohibition WWWWhy? CCCCost made it not worthwhile DDDDangerous alcohol!

14.  End Part One

15. Nativism  Favoring native-born Americans over immigrants  Various organizations (Immigration Restriction League, Know-nothing Party) promoted nativism (successes?)

17. Other Reform  Social Gospel-apply Christianity to society  Settlement house- type of community center for urban poor  Jane Addams- Hull House in Chicago  Classes, crafts, child care, camps, health care

18. Hull House

19. Expansion of Public Education MMMMost children attended elementary school 1111870- only 2% of students graduated high school

20.  1900- 32 states had passed laws making school compulsory  Literacy  -ability to read and write  Challenge for immigrants

21. CCCChild labor laws increased number of children in school SSSSchool year increased (average) 78 days to 144!