1. El Presente progresivo (present progressive)

2. Grammar structure The present progressive is formed by combining the verb “to be” with the present participle (the present participle is the “ING” form of the verb.) Example: I am studying. I am studying with Maria.

3. In English... The present progressive can be used to describe what is happening now, or what will happen in the future. Example: I am studying now. (now) I am studying with Maria tonight. (future)

4. In Spanish... The present progressive is only used to describe an action that is in the process of taking place. It is NOT used for future actions Example: I am studying now ( use present progressive). I am studying with Maria tonight. (do not use present progressive.)

5. Combine two verbs In English, combine “to be” with the ING ending of the verb In Spanish, combine the present form of the verb “estar” with the Spanish ING form of the verb. Estoy hablando (I am speaking) Juan está comiendo. (John is eating) María está escribiendo una carta. (Maria is writing a letter).

6. How to form the present progressive In order to form the present progressive, you must know how to conjugate the verb “estar”, and how to form the Spanish “ING” ending. Do you remember how to conjugate the verb “estar”? Yo estoy Tú estás El/ella/usted está Nosotros estamos Vosotros estáis Ellos/ellas/ustedes están

7. Present participle of regular –ar verbs Add –ando to the stem of the verb The stem of the verb is what is left after dropping the –ar ending to the infinitive form Example: hablar: hablando Trabajar: trabajando Estudiar: estudiando

8. Present participle of regular –er and -ir verbs To form the present participle of regular –er and –ir verbs add –iendo to the stem of the verb. Comer: comiendo Hacer: haciendo Vivir: viviendo Escribir: escribiendo

9. Stem changing verbs To form the present participle of –ir stem changing verbs, change the “e” to “i” and “o” to “u” in the stem and then add –iendo. Servir – sirviendo Pedir: pidiendo Decir: diciendo Dormir: durmiendo Morir: muriendo Poder: pudiendo

10. Spelling changes (-yendo) Sometimes it is necessary to change the spelling of a word so that it agrees with the way it is pronounced. Caer: cayendo Creer: creyendo Huir: huyendo Ir: yendo Influir: influyendo Leer: leyendo Traer: trayendo Seguir: siguiendo

11. Let’s put it all together Conjugate the verb “estar” to agree with the subject of the sentence Add the present “ING” ending in Spanish Example: Juan está comiendo pan. Maria y Carmen están hablando con nosotros.