1. Delivering your message

3.  What techniques can you use to get your message across?  How can you make sure that an audience remembers your key messages?

4.  The reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists:  The purpose of my presetentation is to highlight the consequences of smoking.

5.  Advise or suggest (something) as a course of action:  Some doctors recommend drinking a glass of wine everyday.

6.  Give reasons or cite evidence in support of an idea, action, or theory, typically with the aim of persuading others to share one’s view:  Feminists argue for the equality between men and women.

7.  To make someone think of something they have forgotten or might have forgotten:  Could you remind Paul about dinner on Saturday?

8.  To study or examine something in detail, in order to discover more about it:  Researchers analysed the purchases of 6,300 households.

9.  Absolutely necessary;  Syn: essential:  Secrecy is of vital importance.

10.  Absolutely necessary; extremely important:  It is essential to keep up-to-date records

11.  Put forward (a plan or suggestion) for consideration by others:  Syn: suggest  He proposed to his girlfriend yesterday, and she said no.

12.  State a message in a formal manner:  He will deliver a message in his lecture on endangered species

13.  Very anxious to challenge or avoid criticism:  He was very defensive about that side of his life.

14.  Watch video 4.2, parts of 3 presentations and take notes on the table on your course pack p. 12.  The expert view  Watch 4.3 and answer the questions about PEEP principle on page 23 of your book.

15.  Watch video 4.4 and take notes about their usage of PEEP model on the table p. 23  Then watch the video 4.5 the expert’s feedback and compare his feedback with yours.

16.  Structuring your message  Open your coursebooks  Do the activities 1-6 on pages 24-25.

17. Research & citations Presentation practice (main part)

18.  In order to have an effective presentation, you should know your topic well. To have further information on a topic, you need to carry out research.  How to do research? ◦ Identify the key words ◦ Select relevant materials ◦ Retrieve sources ◦ Evaluate the information ◦ Take notes, print or photocopy the sources ◦ Write down the reference information

19.  Author  Title  Editors, translators (if any)  Publisher  Year of publication  City of publication  Pages used  Web address (the Internet)  Date retrieved (the Internet)

20.  In academic presentation, your credibility as a presenter is directly related to how well you support your key messages.  Why should you cite? ◦ Ethical responsibility (not to plagiarize) ◦ To give credentials to the source ◦ To let the audience know which sources you used

21.  You can cite a source immediately before or immediately after you use the borrowed information.  How should you cite the source orally?  Book--- author and title  Periodical/Magazine/Journal--- author and publication date  Website --- site name/address, title, author, date of retrieval

22.  For a book:  In her 2005 book, Good Health at any Age, Dr. Gabriella Campos describes how we can maintain our health through healthy eating. She indicates that ……………….  For an article:  In a 2004 study published in Journal of Applied Psychology, Bailey and Cross reported that ……….

23.  For a website:  According to information I found at www.ready.gov, the website of the U.S Department of Homeland Security, U.S businesses and citizens ………… www.ready.gov

24.  In order to have a smooth integration follow these steps:  Introduce the context of the quotation or phrase: Speaking of the materials used by Michelangelo, Roberts explains that …….  Weave the borrowed material into your sentence: Hamlet’s main problem is just how to “take arms against sea troubles”  Comment on the relevance/significance of the citation to your speech: demonstrate how the idea relates to your argument.

25.  You may use the following verbs to show author’s attitude: NeutralAgreeSuggestArguecriticize CommentAdmitProposeDefendCondemn DescribeConfirmSpeculateholdDeny ObserveAssertPredictInsistReject Point outacknowledgerevealMaintainComplains

26.  To support this idea ______  This point is verified by _____  ______ put it well, when he/she said ____  In the words of ____  _____ testified that _____  Support for my argument comes from _____

27.  After citing the sources orally, you should include a reference list at the end of your presentation.  Do you remember how we cite sources at the end of our research papers?  Let’s revise them together  Note that you need to use at least 3 sources and include them in your references slide. You can use either webpages or books, or both (it is up to you)

28.  All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one-half inch from the left margin.  Authors' names are inverted (last name first); give the last name and initials for all authors of a particular work.  Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.  Italicize titles of works such as books and journals.

29.  Basic Format for Books  Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Location: Publisher.  Eg. Calfee, R. C. (1991). APA guide. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

30.  Basic format for articles:  Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article.Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. eg. Harlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55, 893-896.

31.  Basic format:  Author, A. A., (Date of publication). Title of document. Retrieved from http://Web address  Eg. Angeli, E., (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/  Note: if you cannot find the publication date, write the date you accessed the webpage/document.  For more information on APA citation, please visit  https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/05/ https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/05/

32. Year of publication: 2009 Publisher: Macmillan Location: London  How can we cite this book? Moore, D.S. & Notz, W. I. (2009) Statistics: Concepts and controversies. London: Macmillan.

33. Kaynak, E. & Gürol, M. N. (1987) Export marketing management in less-developed countries: A case study of turkey in light of the japanese experience. Management International Review, 27(3), 54-66.

34.  Wright, R. T. (2014, March 21) Environmental science: Toward a sustainable future. Retrieved from http://www.enotes.com/topics/environmental-science- toward-a-sustainable-future http://www.enotes.com/topics/environmental-science- toward-a-sustainable-future

35. REFERENCES Kaynak, E. & Gürol, M. N. (1987) Export marketing management in less-developed countries: A case study of turkey in light of the japanese experience. Management International Review, 27(3), 54-66. Moore, D.S. & Notz, W. I. (2009) Statistics: Concepts and controversies. London: Macmillan. Wright, R. T. (2014, March 21) Environmental science: Toward a sustainable future. Retrieved from http://www.enotes.com/topics/environmental- science-toward-a-sustainable-future http://www.enotes.com/topics/environmental- science-toward-a-sustainable-future

36.  Prepare a presentation by choosing one of the cards on pages 13-17 of your coursepack.  Practice PEEP model.  Your presentation should take about 4-5 minutes long.  Study the useful phrases on page 26 of your coursebook and try to use them as many as possible.

37. See Card 1: CAUSES OF SMOKING 1.PEER PRESSURE 2.IMITATING OLDER PEOPLE 3.DEPRESSION

38. Introducing your point The first cause of smoking is peer pressure. Explaining What I mean by peer pressure is the effect of friends that smoke. Research shows that most teenagers start smoking because they are affected by their friends.This means that a lot of young people start smoking because they want to be a part of a group. Giving Examples Let me give you an example: Most teenagers start smoking in high school. Imagining a dream or disaster Imagine that you are back in high school socializing with your friends in the school garden where smoking is forbidden. Two of your friends take out their cigarettes and offer one to you. You don’t want to smoke, but you are afraid that they will start not liking you for that. Eventually, you try one and doing this everyday, it becomes a habit. Recapping & returning to your point So, as you can see this innocent trial of just one cigarette causes smoking.

39.  You have 10-15 minutes to prepare your presentation

40.  Analysis  Use the analysis checklist on page 27 while you watch the presentation of your friend.  Self assesment:  After you complete your presentation, think about your performance by answering the questions on page 27 about self assessment.