1. Civil War Battles Chart

2. Valverde: Feb. 21, 1862 Confederate Leader: General Henry Sibley Union Leader: Major General Twiggs Goal of Battle: Confederates wanted to control the SW from New Mexico to California—gold and silver mines in this area as well as ports on the Pacific Ocean. Results of Battle: Confederate Victory

3. Glorietta Pass: March 22,1862 Confederate Leader: General Henry Sibley Union Leader: Major General Twiggs Goal of Battle: Same as Valverde Results of Battle: Confederate supply train destroyed, so Sibley & men were forced to retreat to TX. Union held SW for the rest of the war. **Union victory**

4. Civil War Battles Chart

5. Galveston Island January 1, 1863 Confederate Leader: General John B. Magruder Union Leader: Major General Twiggs Goal of Battle: Confederacy needed to recapture Galveston and it’s port. (The Union had blockaded TX ports & had captured Galveston.)

6. Results of Battle: 2 ships (the Bayou City & Neptune - cottonclads) attacked Union vessels and 500 Confederate troops attacked over land. Union soldiers surrendered and 1 ship captured. **Confederate Victory**

7. Civil War Battles Chart

8. Sabine Pass September 8, 1863 Confederate Leader: Richard Dowling (Davis Guards/47 soldiers) Union Leader: William B. Franklin Goal of Battle: Union wanted to invade TX (to capture Houston & Beaumont) by sailing up the Sabine River.

9. Results of Battle: 17 Union ships and 4 gunboats landed at the Sabine River and attempted to sail by Fort Griffin at the Sabine Pass. The Davis Guards killed 65 men, captured 350 men, and captured 2 Union ships. Helped restore southern confidence. **Confederate Victory**

10. Civil War Battles Chart

11. Gulf Coast & Brownsville 1863 & 1864 Confederate Leader: Santos Benavides (Laredo) and John S. Ford (Brownsville) Union Leader: Edmund J. Davis (Texan in the Union army) Goal of Battle: Union wanted to capture Brownsville to stop TX cotton from going over land to Mexico. *Union patrolling Gulf to stop shipments from TX*

12. Results of Battle: Union troops captured Brownsville and were moving up the Rio Grande until stopped by Benavides at Laredo. 1864—Ford recaptured Brownsville. **Confederate Victory**

13. Civil War Battles Chart

14. Red River Campaign April 8, 1864 Confederate Leader: Richard Taylor Union Leader: Nathaniel Banks Goal of Battle: Union wanted to invade and capture northeastern Texas

15. Results of Battle: 25,000 Union troops marched up the Red River in Louisiana toward East TX. Confederate troops met them near Mansfield, Louisiana. Bloody battle. Confederates took 2,500 prisoners: TX saved once again. **Confederate Victory**

16. April 9, 1865 General Lee surrendered to General Grant. Word reaches Confederate troops in May 1865. Hundreds left to return home, but many stayed when General Smith urged them to continue the war.

17. Civil War Battles Chart

18. Palmito Ranch May 12, 1865 Confederate Leader: John Ford & Santos Benavides Union Leader: Davis’s troops Goal of Battle: Union trying to invade TX and regain control of Brownsville.

19. Results of Battle: Texans capture over 100 Union soldiers. Last land battle of the Civil War **Confederate Victory** Prisoners told Texans that the South had already lost the war!