1. Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita

2. Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) Multiple joint contractures throughout the body. Non- progressive condition. May be associated with other disorder involving joint The name does not even refer to muscle, but muscle is involved. arthro = joints gryposis = twisted multiplex = more than one congenita = seen at birth

3. Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) Cause of AMC Decreased fetal movements due to fetal abnormalities (nerve, muscle, or connective tissue abnormalities) Maternal disorders ( infection, drugs, trauma, other maternal illnesses) Pathophysiology: Lack of fetus movement in the womb  extra connective tissue forms around joint  joint fixation  limited movement  joint contracture

4. Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) Common signs and symptoms: Shoulder (internal rotation) Elbow (extension and pronation) Wrist (volar and ulnar) Hand (fingers in fixed flexion and thumb-in-palm) Hip (flexed, abducted and externally rotated, often dislocated) Knee (flexion) Foot (plantarflexion & equinovarus).

5. Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) Complications: 1.Scoliosis 2.Lung hypoplasia (small, underdeveloped lungs) = respiratory problems 3.Growth retardation 4.Facial hemangioma, jaw deformity 5.Abdominal hernia Cognition (brain function) & language are usually normal.

6. P&O intervention KAFO/ knee immobiliser used to aid in walking/standing and also used for night splinting to keep knees straight.