1. Name the Three Subatomic Particles found in an atom. Proton P + Electron e - Neutron N

2. Properties of Subatomic Particles Particle Symbol Charge Mass # Relative mass (a.m.u.) Actual mass (grams) Electron e-e- 0 0.00054869.109 x10 -28 Proton p+p+ +11 1.0072761.673x 10 -24 Neutron n01 1.008665 1.675x 10 -24

3. The total number of protons in an atom of an element can never change without changing the identity of the element.

4. Determining the number of protons, electrons and neutrons. The Atomic number equals the # of protons (p+) In a neutral atom the # of protons = the # of electrons The Mass # is the atomic mass rounded to the nearest whole # The # of n = Mass # - Atomic # 6 C 12.01 Atomic Mass Atomic #

5. Sub-Atomic Particles How many Protons, electrons and neutrons are in an atom of Aluminum ? 13Al26.981538 13 protons 13 electrons 14Neutrons (Mass# -At. #) (27-13)

6. Calculate number of Sub-atomic particles for : ElementProtonsElectronsNeutrons Boron556 Nitrogen777 Chlorine17 18 Argon18 22 Iodine53 74 Chlorine ion with a -1 charge 1718 Sodium Ion with a +1 charge 111012

7. In an atom the number of protons never changes! HOWEVER!... The total number of Neutrons can change! I

8. Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

10. In a neutral atom the total number of protons equals the total number of electrons! HOWEVER!... The total number of electrons can change! I

11. Ions Ions Ions are charged atoms that have a different number of electrons than protons. There are two types of ions. Cations Cations are positively charged atoms where the number of electrons is less than the protons. Anions Anions are negatively charged atoms where the number of electrons is more than the protons.

12. Cation vs. Anion Cations will lose electrons e-e- The atom becomes positive

13. Cation vs. Anion Anions will gain electrons e-e- The atom becomes negative

14. Locating Subatomic particles How do you show protons, neutrons and electrons in their proper location? Draw Bohr Diagrams

15. Diagramming the Atom Bohr diagram The Bohr diagram shows the location and numbers of the electrons and nucleons. period The number of Energy levels can be determined by looking at the period that the element is located in the periodic table. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 7

16. Diagramming the Atom Valence e- The Valence e- can be determined by the group number. Unfortunately the transitional elements must be skipped due to their ability to change their valance e- number. Valence e- Valence e- are the electrons found on the outermost energy level. They are involved in chemical reactions 1e - 2e- 3e-4e-5e-6e-7e-8e- Skip transitional metals (1-6 e - )

17. The Bohr Diagram Step 1  Determine # of p, n,& e - Step 2  Determine # of Energy levels Step 3  Determine # of Valence e - Step 4  Draw nucleus and shells, Place the Valence e - on outside shell 1 st. Place remaining electrons starting on the inside shell and working outward using 2n 2 as a guide.

18. Bohr Diagram of Carbon-12 Elementp+p+ ne-e- NRG level Valence e- Carbon-12 66624 6p 6n 4e - 2e - 6p 8n 4e - 2e - 686 24 Carbon-14

19. Complete Bohr Diagrams for elements 1-20

20. Elements 1-11 - 1p 0n 1e - 8p 8n 6e - 2e - 7p 7n 5e - 2e - 6p 6n 4e - 2e - 5p 6n 3e - 2e - 4p 5n 2e - 3p 4n 1e - 2e - 2p 2n 2e - 9p 10n 7e - 2e - 10p 10n 8e - 2e - 11p 12n 8e - 2e - 1e -