1. REVIEW GAME W HITE BOARDS “M USICAL CHAIRS WITH RINGER ” BINGO Obj: I will review key concepts and vocabulary from the injury prevention unit

2. Q UESTION 1 What connects bone to bone?

3. ANSWER 1 Ligament

4. Q UESTION 2 What soft tissue makes up the outer covering of the body?

5. A NSWER 2 Skin

6. Q UESTION 3 What soft tissue connects muscle to bone?

7. ANSWER 3 Tendons

8. Q UESTION 4 What are the five signs of inflammation?

9. ANSWER 4 Redness - due to vasodilatation and increase in blood flow Heat - due to vasodilation and increase in blood flow Swelling - due to increase in blood flow to the injured area and possibly from blood that leaks into the injured tissue (bruising) Pain- due to the pressure of fluids or swelling through the nerve endings Loss of function - due to swelling and pain

10. Q UESTION 5 What are the three levels (severity) of bruises?

11. ANSWER 5 Superficial Deep hemorrhage

12. QUESTION 6 What does PRICE stand for?

13. ANSWER 6 PRICE Protection- protect from further injury by preventing them from moving Rest Ice- ice during the first 72 hours to reduce swelling and pain (ice for 15 to 20 minutes every 2 to 3 hours) Compression-use of pressure with bandage or wrap to reduce swelling Elevation- can minimize initial tissue bleeding and swelling

14. Q UESTION 7 What is a stretch, tear, or rip in the muscle and/or tendon called?

15. ANSWER 7 Strain

16. Q UESTION 8 Sam strained his hamstring sprinting. He has a number of muscle fibers torn and it is extremely painful when he walks. What grade strain is this?

17. ANSWER 8 Grade 2

18. Q UESTION 9 In addition to PRICE, what is another treatment option in the first couple of days after an injury?

19. ANSWER 9 Anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen

20. Q UESTION 10 What are three ways to prevent strains?

21. ANSWER 10 Regular weight training Proper warm-up Stretching Proper mechanics Proper cool-down/ stretching Proper nutrition & hydration

22. Q UESTION 11 What is a stretched or torn ligament called?

23. ANSWER 11 Sprain

24. Q UESTION 12 Maria turned her ankle at basketball practice. There is mild pain, some swelling, and it is difficult to jump. What degree of severity is this?

25. ANSWER 12 First degree

26. Q UESTION 13 What are five signs and symptoms of a sprain?

27. ANSWER 13 Pain Swelling Heat Redness Bruising Stiffness or difficulty moving the joint At the time of injury, you may hear or feel a pop in the joint Remember: 5 signs of inflammation

28. Q UESTION 14 What are the six steps for treatment of a sprain?

29. ANSWER 14 Reduce swelling & pain through PRICE Protection- protect from further injury by preventing them from moving (if ankle sprain, wear a shoe) Rest Ice- ice during the first 72 hours to reduce swelling and pain (15 to 20 minutes every 2 to 3 hours) Compression-use of pressure with bandage or wrap to reduce swelling Elevation- can minimize initial tissue bleeding and swelling Anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen

30. Q UESTION 15 What are three ways to prevent a sprain?

31. ANSWER 15 Balance training Strengthen the muscles around the joint Flexibility training of the hips, legs, and ankles Adequate preparation for the activity Taping and bracing the joint

32. Q UESTION 16 What soft tissue overuse injury is an inflammation of the connective tissue that surrounds the tibia?

33. ANSWER 16 Shin Splints

34. Q UESTION 17 What soft tissue overuse injury is an inflammation or irritation of a tendon, a thick cord that attaches bone to muscle?

35. A NSWER 18 Tendonitis

36. Q UESTION 19 What soft tissue overuse injury is a painful condition that occurs when tendons in your elbow are overworked, usually by repetitive motions of the wrist and arm?

37. A NSWER 19 Tennis Elbow

38. Q UESTION 20 What phase of healing commonly lasts up to six weeks post-injury?

39. A NSWER 20 Sub acute- Repair

40. A NSWER 21 What phase of healing is the period between six weeks and three months post-injury?

41. ANSWER 21 Late Stage - Remodeling Phase

42. Q UESTION 22 What is the treatment for an injury in the acute phase?

43. ANSWER 22 PRICE

44. Q UESTION 23 During this final phase of healing soft tissue is constantly being injured by daily activities and workouts, only to repair and remodel the tissue to meet specific exercise demands. What phase of healing is this?

45. ANSWER 23 Chronic Phase - Ongoing Repair and Remodeling

46. Q UESTION 24 When should a person ice an injury? How long should a person keep the ice on?

47. ANSWER 24 Typically ice in the first 72 hours after an injury when the tissue is red, hot, and swollen. Ice 15 to 20 minute every 2 to 3 hours

48. Q UESTION 25 What are two goals to icing an injury?

49. A NSWER 25 Goal of Ice Treatment: Reduce bleeding into the tissues. Prevent or reduce swelling (inflammation). Reduce muscle pain and spasm. Reduce pain by numbing the area and by limiting the effects of swelling

50. Q UESTION 26 When should a person heat an injury? How long should a person keep the heat on?

51. ANSWER 26 Use heat after 72 hours Heat for 10 to 20 minutes but no more than 20 minutes

52. QUESTION 27 What are two goals or effects of heating an injury?

53. ANSWER 27 Goal of Heat Treatment: Bring more blood into the area to stimulate healing of damaged tissues Soothing effect and helps to relieve pain and spasm Eases stiffness by making the tissues more supple.

54. Q UESTION 28 What is trauma to tissues that causes a break in that tissue called?

55. ANSWER 29 Wound

56. Q UESTION 30 What type of skin wound is this?

57. ANSWER 30 Abrasion

58. Q UESTION 30 What type of skin wound is this?

59. ANSWER 30 Laceration

60. Q UESTION 31 What type of skin wound is this?

61. ANSWER 31 Puncture

62. Q UESTION 32 What type of skin wound is this?

63. A NSWER 32 Incision

64. Q UESTION 33 What type of skin wound is this?

65. ANSWER 33 Avulsion

66. Q UESTION 34 What is the immediate care for most skin wounds?

67. ANSWER 34 Clean with soap and water

68. Q UESTION 35 What are three types of wounds that may require stitches?

69. ANSWER 35 Deep lacerations Incisions Punctures avulsions

70. Q UESTION 36 What are 5 signs of an infection?

71. ANSWER 36 Redness Swelling Heat Pain Puss Fever

72. Q UESTION 37 What is this type of skin infection called?

73. ANSWER 37 MRSA

74. QUESTION 38 What infection is often associated with a puncture of the skin with metal?

75. ANSWER 38 Tetanus

76. BINGO Place the following words on your Bingo Boards Acute Phase, Sub-acute Phase, Late Phase, Chronic Phase, Ice, Heat, Tennis Elbow, Shin Splints, Tendonitis, Ligament, Tendon, Sprain, Strain, Skin, Contusion, PRICE, static stretch, dynamic stretch, muscular strength, muscular endurance, aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise, warm up, cool down, Free space