1. Source Worksheets Use source worksheets to summarize an author’s point in your own words. Avoid plagiarism now—on the source worksheet—so that you don’t end up plagiarizing on the final paper: –One form of plagiarism is using the author’s exact words but not using quotation marks—that makes it look like a summary when it really isn’t. –See the next slides for how to summarize without plagiarizing…

2. When You Summarize You can NOT simply copy all the information you want to use—you must word it in a different way. Here is how to summarize an article without plagiarizing it: 1. Read the part you want to use. 2. Look away from it. Then write what you remember in your own words. 3. Then compare your version with the original to make sure you’ve changed the words and their order, so that you are giving the same information but in alternative style (like retelling a story your own way).

3. 4. Remember, you do NOT have to change words like numbers, dates, names of people, companies, organizations, cities, countries, or other proper nouns, names of religions, races, species, titles of books, films, or albums. Follow these instructions carefully! I can tell if you plagiarized even if Turnitin.com doesn’t catch it! I only use Turnitin.com as a tool. If it says you didn’t plagiarize, but you actually did, I will still catch it myself.

4. Example Pretend this is a paragraph from one of your articles by Mark Leets: Hate-based Web sites have grown dramatically in recent years. In 1995 at the time of the Oklahoma City bombing, there was only one hate site, but today, the Simon Wiesenthal Center and the Anti-Defamation League have documented about 2,800 hate sites. The Internet has put the problem of incendiary hate into sharp relief, raising many difficult political, legal, and social questions.

5. Example of plagiarism: Leets says that hate-based Internet sites have grown by leaps and bounds in recent years. In 1995 at the time of the Oklahoma City bombing, there was only one website devoted to hate, but today, the Simon Wiesenthal Center and the Anti-Defamation League have listed about 2,800 hate sites. The Electronic Highway has put the problem of fiery hate into sharp focus, raising many difficult political, legal, and social questions.

6. Example of plagiarism: Leets says that hate-based Internet sites have grown by leaps and bounds in recent years. In 1995 at the time of the Oklahoma City bombing, there was only one website devoted to hate, but today, the Simon Wiesenthal Center and the Anti-Defamation League have listed about 2,800 hate sites. The Electronic Highway has put the problem of fiery hate into sharp focus, raising many difficult political, legal, and social questions.

7. Correct summary Your own words but the same info: Leets says that when the Murrah federal office building in Oklahoma City was bombed in 1995, only one website was devoted to hate speech; however, groups that keep track of such things— the Simon Wiesenthal Center and the Anti-Defamation League—reported in 2010 that approximately 2,800 hate- motivated sites appeared on the Web.

8. When You Quote Exactly - Also use DIRECT QUOTES on your source worksheets when it is crucial to keep an author’s original wording. You should use a direct quote when a writer’s words are especially interesting or important. Copy a direct quote exactly and enclose it in quotation marks. - You MAY NOT fill your final paper with direct quotations, so make sure you write just as many summaries as quotes on your source worksheets.

9. When You Quote Exactly Your exact quotes must be done correctly: 1.Comma after says, and a capital letter to begin the quote. Student Example: Gene Busnar asserts, “The Beatles’ neat, cuddly image was easy to caricature.” 2.No comma after says that and no capital letter beginning the quote. Student Example: Alan Axelrod adds that “at this point the feud had begun.”

10. 3. When you blend an exact quote into your own words, make sure it flows grammatically and use no comma and no capital letter. Student Example: According to John Hudson, King Henry’s attempt at transferring these cases was seen to Thomas as “a distinct threat to the church’s independence from secular authority.”

11. 4. It is okay to put in a quote in the middle of a paragraph, as long as you put a top bread/signal phrase. Student Example: Frederick Lane believes “roughly the equivalent of installing a gazillion-channel television set for each employee.” Frederick Lane believes that the personal computer has posed new challenges for employers worried about workplace productivity. Technology has become so sophisticated that it now makes non- work-related computer activities easy and inviting. Giving employees access to the Internet is “roughly the equivalent of installing a gazillion-channel television set for each employee.” The author makes a good point because employees are not being paid to play around, yet that is what essentially happens in most businesses.

12. 5. Exact quotes should not go past four lines long in the final paper. Do not use back-to-back exact quotes because that is equivalent to having one quote that is too long.Student Example: Jonathan Frakes says, “The Crusades were a series of Holy Wars launched against the Muslims.” “In 1065, Jerusalem was taken by the Turks. Three thousand Christians were massacred” (Smith). Brent McFadden says, “The defeat of the Byzantine army led the Byzantine emperor to appeal to the pope for aid against the Muslims.”