1. DNA  RNA  Protein

2. Central Dogma Central Dogma – describes how information from DNA gets used to make proteins 3 processes: –1. Replication copies DNA –2. Transcription converts DNA message into RNA –3. Translation interprets an RNA message into a string of amino acids, called a polypeptide. Either a single polypeptide or many polypeptides work together to make up a protein. DNA RNA PROTEIN

3. RNA: Ribonucleic Acid Made of nucleotides with 3 parts: –1. A sugar –2. A phosphate –3. A nitrogen- containing base Can find RNA in two places in the cell: 1.Cytoplasm 2.Nucleus

4. RNA is different from DNA 3 ways RNA and DNA are different: 1. Sugar in RNA is ribose, not deoxyribose. Ribose has one more oxygen atom than deoxyribose. 2. RNA has four bases: A, C, G, U. A pairs with U and G pairs with C. 3. RNA is single stranded, not double stranded like DNA

5. mRNA copied from DNA Strand Remember! A pairs with U and G pairs with C. Example: GGCTATATC mRNA: CCGAUAUAG Example: CTGCGCTAT mRNA: GACGCGAUA

6. DNA versus RNA Video