1. Now colour code (or draw a symbol :-  )your bingo grid: Green: I completely understand this concept Orange: I understand it but find it hard to explain Red: I’m really confused about this concept Discuss your grid with the others on your table

2. KEY WORD BINGO Cognition Cognitive Processes Perception Input Coding Information processing theory Storage Memory Cognitive approach Schema Stimulus Response Internal mental processes Senses Retrieval Output Computer Analogy Behaviourist Approach Social Learning Theory Learning Mediate Schemata Behaviour Inference Objective Fill in your bingo grid. Listen to the clues. Choose 16 key words from this list: In case you didn’t follow instructions to keep your bingo sheet!

3. Lesson Objective: AO1 – To explore the emergence of cognitive neuroscience. AO3 – To establish the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive approach. AO2 – To consider the importance of the cognitive approach in psychology. OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

4. Homework Due: Friday 12 th Feb 1) Outline and evaluate social learning theory (12 marks)- This must include details of Bandura’s bobo doll study- method- findings- evaluation (good and bad points) and A.R.M.S. 2) Outline and evaluate the cognitive approach (12marks) - This must include the assumptions of the cognitive approach, explanation of the computer analogy and scema (Piaget) evaluation(good and bad points- wise idea to build on what it does that behaviourism doesn’t and then the problems with the cognitive approach e.g. relies too much on lab studies)

5. Topic areaApplication Cognitive development Piaget proposed stages of cognitive development which reflect the increasing sophistication of children’s thinking. The information- processing approach sees children's minds as computers that gradually develop in processing ability. Mood disorders Beck’s model of depression sees faulty thinking as the cause of depression. Ellis believes emotional and behavioural disorders develop because of irrational beliefs and thoughts MemoryKnowledge of how memory works has been applied to interviewing witnesses e.g. the cognitive interview EducationInformation–processing theory has been applied to improve educational techniques TherapyFor example, Ellis’ rational emotive therapy (RET) to restructure faulty thinking and perceptions in depression. Applications of the Cognitive Approach AO2 – To consider the importance of the cognitive approach in psychology.

6. - The metaphor of ‘man as machine’ is seen as simplistic and reductionist, ignoring emotional, motivational and social factors in human behaviour. - The emphasis on laboratory experiments means that the findings may not reflect everyday life. - The approach explains how cognitive processes happen but tends to ignore why. Limitations of Cognitive Approach AO3 – To establish the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive approach. AO2 – To consider the importance of the cognitive approach in psychology. AO3 – To establish the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive approach. AO2 – To consider the importance of the cognitive approach in psychology.

7. Neuroimaging The development of non-invasive neuroimaging techniques in the last 20 years, means that scientists can now systematically observe and describe the neurological basis of mental processes. – Functional MRI – Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) – EEG AO1 – To explore the emergence of cognitive neuroscience.

8. Tulving et al – Episodic and Semantic Memory – Was able to show how different types of long-term memory may be located on opposite sides of the pre-frontal cortex. Braver et al (1997) – Working Memory Model – The central executive has been shown to reside in a similar area. Scanning techniques have also been proved useful in establishing the neurological basis of some mental disorders. Future possibilities – Eye-Witness Testimony – Determine whether they are lying in court through the use of mind mapping techniques known as ‘brain fingerprinting’. Cognitive Neuroscience Research AO1 – To explore the emergence of cognitive neuroscience.

9. Mapping brain areas to specific cognitive functions has a long history in psychology. As early as the 1860’s Paul Broca had identified how damage to an area of the frontal lobe (which came to be know as Broca’s Area) could permanently impair speech production. http://www.learner.org/series/discoveringpsychology/25/e 25expand.html Cognitive Neuroscience AO1 – To explore the emergence of cognitive neuroscience.

10. + It is scientific and based on carefully controlled research. + Use of computer models helps us to understand unobservable mental processes. + It is less deterministic than other approaches as it allows for individuals to think before responding to the stimulus. + It has many useful applications. + It has been successfully integrated into other approaches in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of some behaviours. Strengths of Cognitive Approach AO3 – To establish the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive approach. AO2 – To consider the importance of the cognitive approach in psychology. AO3 – To establish the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive approach. AO2 – To consider the importance of the cognitive approach in psychology.

11. Essay ACTIVITYACTIVITY AO2 – To consider the importance of the cognitive approach in psychology.

12. What Might the Biological Approach be? PLENARYPLENARY On your post it notes: Write which approach you agree with most so far and why. Write what you think the Biological Approach might represent in Psychology.

13. STARTERSTARTER Cognitive Neuroscience = The scientific study of biological structures that underpin cognitive processes.