1. Benchmark Jeopardy 2 nd 9 Weeks! Standards 7-1 to 7-5.4

2. He began to explore present-day Mexico. He sailed for Spain and conquered the Aztecs.

3. Hernando Cortes

4. a flat, moveable piece at the rear of a ship that makes it easier to steer

5. Rudder

6. was giving to Europeans by the Chinese.

7. Gunpowder

8. Explorers had to find a western or another route in order to trade with Asia because of the Ottoman Empire.

9. Silk Road

10. Type of colony used to trade items, along a particular route.

11. Trading Post Empires

12. sailed for Spain who looked for a western route to Asia. He is known for the discovery of the Americas.

13. Christopher Columbus

14. Type of colony created in which a group of settlers establish new towns and settlements but still linked to mother country.

15. Settler Colonies

16. Traveled around the southern tip of Africa to get to India. He sailed for Portugal.

17. Vasco da Gama

18. determines latitude

19. astrolabe

20. a magnetized needle tells direction

21. compass

22. Type of colony in which large areas of land with cash crops that were traded across the globe.

23. Plantation colony

24. China and Japan practiced isolationism. This is a policy of turning inward from the world.

25. isolationism

26. ships left Europe, and then went to Africa, then to the Americas, and back to Europe

27. Triangular Trade

28. monarchies exercised absolute and total control.

29. Unlimited government

30. the movement of people, goods, ideas, and even diseases across the Atlantic.

31. Columbian Exchange

32. When a nation builds up a large supply of gold and silver.

33. Mercantilism

34. rulers with unlimited power.

35. Absolute monarchy

36. a system in which power is restricted by the people. (The leader has rules to follow)

37. Limited government

38. the idea that rulers receive their power directly from God and are responsible only to God and not the people.

39. Divine Rights of Kings

40. He believed in limited governments. He outlined the structure of governments which were the three branches. (Separation of Powers) (Check and balance system) executive legislative judicial

41. Baron de Montesquieu

42. argued that people should be powered by an absolute monarch.

43. Thomas Hobbes

44. also believed in a social contract and natural laws. His ideas help influence develop the democratic government.

45. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

46. He believed that everyone was born with a blank mind (tabula rasa). He declared that every person was born with three natural rights: life, liberty, and property. Locke believed in a social contract between citizens and the ruler. His ideas help write the Declaration of Independence.

47. John Locke

48. Which nation has the oldest written constitution in the World?

49. a document stating the rules and principles on which a nation is run.

50. Written constitution

51. allow the three branches of government to limit and control each other. No branch can over power the other.

52. Checks and Balances

53. an agreement between the citizens and their ruler.

54. Social contract

55. The division of power among the three branches of government. (Montesquieu)

56. Separation of Powers

57. Sets forth the goals and ideals that the people of that nation believe and share.

58. Preamble

59. Any system in which the people hold the power, usually by voting.

60. Democracy

61. stated that the earth was the center of the universe. (Geocentric)

62. Ptolemy

63. What nation has the oldest constitution?

64. Great Britain has the oldest written constitution which is the Magna Carta.

65. Improved the telescope and used it to prove that the sun was the center of the universe.

66. Galileo Galilei

67. created the scientific method.

68. Francis Bacon

69. He used mathematical formulas to show that the planets move in ellipses (oval paths) around the sun.

70. Johannes Kepler

71. He used the scientific method to discover the laws of motion.

72. Isaac Newton

73. founder of rationalism (reasoning)

74. Rene Descartes