1. Today’s Warm Up  Answer on loose-leaf & keep your responses handy. We’ll be discussing this later in the lesson... What factors need to be considered when affirming genocide?  Genocide = the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group  Affirmation = declaring something to be true

2. WWI: THE TERMS OF PEACE Today’s LEQ:  How do historians’ choice of questions, selection, and use of sources and personal biases affect their interpretations of the past?  i.e. Was the Treaty of Versailles justified? Was there really an Armenian Genocide?

3. How did the war end?  Russian Revolution of 1917 forced Russia to exit war  America joined to safeguard democracy in 1917  Germany signed an armistice in Nov. 1918

4. The Paris Peace Conference  Allies now face task of arranging peace terms at the Paris Peace Conference  The “Big Four” – France, Great Britain, U.S., Italy  Conflicting viewpoints create long negotiations  France (harsh) vs. U.S. (lenient)

5. The Paris Peace Conference  Eventually, separate treaties made with each Central Power country  Stripped away substantial territories  Imposed heavy reparations  Germany received harshest punishment & was forced to take blame for the war; penalties outlined in Treaty of Versailles  Map Activity

6. Early Critics of the Terms of Peace  John Maynard Keynes, English Economist, believes the treaty will bring economic ruin to Europe  The Economic Consequence of the Peace, 1920  “The treaty includes no provisions for the economic rehabilitation of Europe, - nothing to make the defeated Central Empires into good neighbors, nothing to stabilize the new states of Europe, nothing to reclaim Russia; nor does it promote in any way a compact of economic solidarity amongst the Allies themselves; no arrangement was reached at Paris for restoring the disordered finances of France and Italy, or to adjust the systems of the Old World and the New.”

7. Early Critics of the Terms of Peace  Was Germany really to blame?  Would this treaty sow the seeds of future war?

8. Fates of Former Territories  New boundaries did not match ethnic divisions  Creates problem of nationalist movements  Ethnic groups, like the Armenians in Turkey, brutally oppressed

9. Armenian Genocide  Turks launched a genocide of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire during WWI  Stopped temporarily after war ended due to foreign outcry but resumed by 1920  In 1915, Armenian population in Ottoman Empire is 2 million; By 1923, 1.5 million killed, 500,000 deported

14. Fates of Former Territories “Who, after all, speaks today of the annihilation of the Armenians?”

15. Nations Affirming the Armenian Genocide

16. “Betrayed” Documentary  As you watch the documentary, record notes for each perspective – Turkish and Armenian  Take as many notes as possible – this will greatly help you on your next assignment!!!