1. Image From: http://www.astronomy-pictures.net/spiral_galaxy.jpg; Astronomy Notes Part 1 Notes Created by Harris Middle School with graphics cited.

2. Universe Outer space and everything in it. Image from: http://www.futurehi.net/images/deepfield.jpg; Definition Adapted From: Access Science Glossary, page 324.http://www.futurehi.net/images/deepfield.jpg

3. H-R Diagram: Shows the relationship between color, temperature, magnitude & size of stars. Color = temperature Magnitude/luminosity = how bright Our Sun is a main sequence star. Click for Life Cycle of Stars BrainPOP: http://www.brainpop.com/science/space/lifecycleofstars/ 2 of 11 Magnitude Click for Life Cycle of Stars Animation: http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/labs/star_life/support/HR_animated_real.html http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/labs/star_life/support/HR_animated_real.html

4. Our Sun is a main sequence star. Click for Life Cycle of Stars BrainPOP: 2 of 11 Magnitude Click for Life Cycle of Stars Animation: http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/labs/star_life/support/HR_animated_real.html http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/labs/star_life/support/HR_animated_real.html

5. Magnitude A measure of how bright a star is. Images From: http://www.astronomyforbeginners.com/images/doublecluster.jpg & http://startswithabang.com/wp- content/uploads/2008/12/549px-sirius_a_and_b_hubble_photo.jpg; Definition: www.thefreedictionary.comhttp://www.astronomyforbeginners.com/images/doublecluster.jpghttp://startswithabang.com/wp- content/uploads/2008/12/549px-sirius_a_and_b_hubble_photo.jpgwww.thefreedictionary.com

6. Nebula Black Dwarf 1. Large cloud of gas & dust where stars form. 3. Expands Explodes! 5. Collapses to just its core 4. Outer layers come off or Iike our Sun! 3 of 11 2. Gravity pulls material into a sphere that becomes dense, hot & ignites.

8. Stars An object made of gas that gives off energy –mainly hydrogen –helium The Sun medium in size & life span compared to other stars primary energy source for all processes on Earth much closer to Earth than any other star! about 4 ½ billion years old 1 of 11

9. Galaxy A large grouping of stars, gas and dust in space. 3 types 1.Spiral or Disc – bulge in center & distinctive spiral arms Example: Our galaxy, The Milky Way Our solar system is located within an arm 2.Elliptical – spherical or elongated 3.Irregular- no definite shape. 123 4 of 11

10. Light Year A measure of how long it takes light to travel through space in one year. Image From: http://uniqhorns.com/images/milkyway.gif; Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com 9 of 11

13. Galaxy A large grouping of stars in space. Image From: http://www.astronomy-pictures.net/spiral_galaxy.jpg; Definition: www.thefreedictionary.comhttp://www.astronomy-pictures.net/spiral_galaxy.jpgwww.thefreedictionary.com

14. Spiral Galaxy Image From: http://geology.com/nasa/universe-pictures/spiral-galaxy.jpg; Definition: www.thefreedictionary.comhttp://geology.com/nasa/universe-pictures/spiral-galaxy.jpgwww.thefreedictionary.com Galaxy M81 is a spiral galaxy A galaxy with a bulge in the center and distinctive spiral arms.

15. Irregular Galaxy A galaxy with an irregular shape. Barnard’s Galaxy is an irregular shaped galaxy. Image From: http://astronomy-mall.com/Adventures.In.Deep.Space/images/barnard.jpg;http://astronomy-mall.com/Adventures.In.Deep.Space/images/barnard.jpg Definition: www.thefreedictionary.comwww.thefreedictionary.com

16. Elliptical Galaxy A spherical or elongated- shaped galaxy. Image From: http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0406/m87_cfht.jpg; Definition: www.thefreedictionary.comhttp://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/0406/m87_cfht.jpgwww.thefreedictionary.com M87 is an elliptical galaxy.

17. Milky Way Galaxy Image From: http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/images/milky_way_large.jpg; Definition Adapted From: www.thefreedictionary.comhttp://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/images/milky_way_large.jpgwww.thefreedictionary.com The name of the galaxy where we live.

18. Electromagnetic Spectrum The range of all the waves that can travel through matter as well as empty space. Image From : http://www.lcse.umn.edu/specs/labs/images/spectrum.gif Definition: www.thefreedictionary.com ROYGBI V 10 of 11 Scientists use different portions of the spectrum to learn about the universe. Ex: light waves can tell us what elements stars are made & if they are moving away or towards other objects.

22. Theories on the Origin of the Universe 1.Steady State – has always been the same 2.Oscillating Model - began by expanding, has slowed down & is now contracting 3.Big Bang - *the dominant theory 12 to 15 billion years ago Universe began as a dense point that exploded It rapidly expanded & began to cool down, forming stars, etc. Evidence  discovery of cosmic background radiation  red shift in EM spectrum suggest it is still expanding 11 of 11 Click for Big Bang BrainPOP: http://www.brainpop.com/science/space/bigbang/http://www.brainpop.com/science/space/bigbang/