1. Ch 13 Pg 40-41

2. 25 million employees 1800(3,000) Top Agency employees Earn less money than they would for the same job in the private sector Have limited Union powers Have limits on political involvement Why do they work for the Agency?

3. Elitist system(1788- ) Positions were given educated elite who retained those jobs year after year Patronage/Spoils system(1828- ) Jackson(the people’s president) moved ‘ordinary’ people into those positions Changed leaders often to get ‘fresh ideas’ in the departments Merit System (l1883) Causes: growth of government & assassination of Garfield Hired on bases of competitive exams & qualifications Focus is to create a Neutral Competence Non partisan choices

4. Where does their power come from? Congress President Make Appointments, Create Agencies Make Appointments, Create Agencies What does this combination create???? Approves the budget, Approves appointments, Creates Agencies Approves the budget, Approves appointments, Creates Agencies Bureau

5. Power of the Bureaucracy Experts in their area Clientele Groups Friends Lobbyist/Clientele Groups Bureaucracy THE IRON TRIANGLE Congress

6. What environment does this make for the Agencies? 1.They MUST play the political game 2.They must look out for themselves