1. Drama

2. A drama is a story enacted onstage for a live audience. What Is Drama?

3. Origins of Drama Origins of Drama The word drama comes from the Greek verb dran, which means “to do.” The word drama comes from the Greek verb dran, which means “to do.” The earliest known plays... The earliest known plays... were written around the fifth century B.C. were written around the fifth century B.C. produced for festivals to honor Dionysus, the god of wine and fertility produced for festivals to honor Dionysus, the god of wine and fertility

4. Like the plot of a story, the plot of a play involves characters who face a problem or conflict. Climax point of highest tension; action determines how the conflict will be resolved Resolution conflict is resolved; play ends Rising Action tension builds Exposition characters and conflict are introducedconflict Dramatic Structure

5. A tragedy is a play that ends unhappily. right and wrong justice and injustice life and death Tragedy Most classic Greek tragedies deal with serious, universal themes such as

6. A comedy is a play that ends happily. The plot usually centers on a romantic conflict. boy meets girl boy loses girl boy wins girl Comedy

7. A modern play usually is about ordinary people may be tragedy, comedy, or a mixture of the two usually focuses on personal issues Modern Drama

8. When you read a play, remember that it is meant to be performed for an audience. Stage Directions Playwright describes setting and characters’ actions and manner. [Wyona is sitting on the couch. She sees Paul and jumps to her feet.] Wyona. [Angrily.] What do you want? Performance of a Play Performance Theater artists bring the playwright’s vision to life on the stage. Theater artists bring the playwright’s vision to life on the stage. Theater artists Theater artists The audience responds to the play and shares the experience. The audience responds to the play and shares the experience.

9. Performance of a Play  Theater artists include  Actors  Directors  Lighting technicians  Stage crew

10. Waiting for Godot (Italics: secondary text, non-italics: primary text) ACT I A country road. A tree. Evening. Estragon, sitting on a low mound, is trying to take off his boot. He pulls at it with both hands, panting. He gives up, exhausted, rests, tries again. As before. Enter Vladimir. ESTRAGON: (giving up again). Nothing to be done. VLADIMIR: (advancing with short, stiff strides, legs wide apart). I'm beginning to come round to that opinion. All my life I've tried to put it from me, saying Vladimir, be reasonable, you haven't yet tried everything. And I resumed the struggle. (He broods, musing on the struggle. Turning to Estragon.) So there you are again. ESTRAGON: Am I? ESTRAGON: Am I? VLADIMIR: I'm glad to see you back. I thought you were gone forever.

11. The characters’ speech may take any of the following forms. Dialogue: conversations of characters onstage Monologue: long speech given by one character to others Soliloquy: speech by a character alone onstage to himself or herself or to the audience Asides: remarks made to the audience or to one character; the other characters onstage do not hear an aside The Characters

12. Scene design transforms a bare stage into the world of the play. Scene design consists of props sets costumes lighting Setting the Stage

13. A stage’s set might be realistic and detailed Setting the Stage abstract and minimal

14. A lighting director skillfully uses light to change the mood and appearance of the set. Lights can also signal scene or setting changes. Setting the Stage

15. The costume director works with the director to design the actors’ costumes. Like sets, costumes can be detailed minimal Setting the Stage

16. Props (short for properties) are items that the characters carry or handle onstage. The person in charge of props must make sure that the right props are available to the actors at the right moments. Setting the Stage

17. The End

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