1. The Wilson Years
Chapter 6 Lesson 3

2. The Election of 1912 Governor Woodrow Wilson
Former President Theodore Roosevelt
President William H. Taft

3. Republican Party Platform
High Import Tariffs
Put limitation on female and child labor
Workman’s Compensation Laws
Against initiative, referendum, and recalls
Against “bad” trusts
Creation of a Federal Trade Commission
Stay on gold Standard
Conservation of natural resources because they are finite

5. Progressive Party Platform
N e w N a t i o n a l i s m
Women’s Suffrage
Graduated income tax
Inheritance tax for the rich
Lower tariffs
Limits on campaign spending
Currency reform
Minimum wage laws
Abolition of child labor
Workmen's compensation

6. Democratic Party Platform
Government control of the monopolies
Trusts in general were bad, eliminate them
Tariff reduction
One-term President
Direct election of Senators
Create a Dept. of Labor
Strengthen the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Did NOT support women’s suffrage
Opposed to a central bank
Ne w F r e e d o m

10. The Wilson Years
Direct Tax - Tax imposed directly on a person or their property
Tax must be equal among all states, ie: if a state has 20% of the population, they must pay 20% of the taxes, rich or poor
Difficult to pass
Indirect Tax - Tax that someone pays, but the tax burden falls on someone else
If you buy a car, the company that makes it gets taxed, and you end up paying for it in the bill
Sales taxes, excise taxes, and tariffs
Income Taxes – tax on the net income of a person or business

11. 16th Amendment 1894 Congress passed a income tax on wealthy Americans
1895 Supreme Court struck it down saying it was taxing all types of income
Most wealthy people gained money from real estate
Income from property was a direct tax and therefor had not been divided proportionately among the states
th amendment was passed to tax all income

12. Wilson’s Reforms Revenue Act of 1913 Federal Reserve Act of 1913
Reduced the average tariff on imported goods 30%, added a graduated income tax
Federal Reserve Act of 1913
Created the regional reserve banks that could set interest rates
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Power to investigate companies and issue “cease and desist” orders if found to be engaging in unfair trade practices

13. Wilson’s Reforms Congress passed the Clayton Antitrust Act in 1914
Outlawed certain practices that restricted competition such as price discrimination (charging different customers different prices)
Keating-Owen Child Labor Act
Prohibited employment of children under 14 in factories producing good for interstate commerce
Declared unconstitutional in 1918