1. Earth in Space: Hellenistic era

3. Owe Dahren, 2001 Greek visual evidence for the shape of the Earth Eratosthenes’ method for the circumference of the Earth

4. Earth in Space: Hellenistic era Aristarchos’ construction for the distance to the Sun Hipparchos’ construction for the distance to the Moon (solar eclipse) Hipparchos’ construction for the distance to the Moon (lunar eclipse)

5. Earth in Space: Hellenistic era Hipparchos’ model of the Sun’s orbit Hipparchos’ model of the Moon’s orbit Ptolemy’s model of a planetary orbit

6. Earth in Space: Hellenistic era The Antikythera mechanism, c 100 BC (Freeth et al, Nature 444 (2006) 587)

7. Earth in Space: Hellenistic era

9. Earth in Space: Islamic era

11. Earth in Space: Copernicus

12. Earth in Space: Tycho Brahe

13. Earth in Space: Johannes Kepler

14. Earth in Space: Isaac Newton A diagram showing centripetal force, by Hooke An elliptical orbit, from the Principia Newton’s cannon