1. temperature

3. Temperature ºF ºC K -45932212 -2730100 0273373 K = ºC + 273 Always use absolute temperature (Kelvin) when working with gases.

5. Absolute zero The temperature at which there ceases to be any molecular motion (0 K or -273 ° C).

6. Convert the following numbers from degrees Fahrenheit ( ̊F) to degrees Celsius ( ̊C). Example: 40  F 40 - 32 = 8 8 x 5/9 = 4.4  C Convert the following numbers from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit. Example: 40  C 40 x (9/5) = 72 72 + 32 = 104  F

7. Convert 25.0 °C to Kelvin. 25.0 + 273 = 298.0 Convert 315.0 K to °C. 315.0 – 273 = 42 °C

9. Volume and Temperature

10. The volume of a gas increases with and increase in temperature.

11. Charles Law Animation

13. A plot of V versus T is a straight line. When T is measured in  C, the intercept on the temperature axis is -273.15  C. We define absolute zero, 0 K = -273.15  C. Note the value of the constant reflects the assumptions: amount of gas and pressure.

15. Charles’ Law The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the pressure is held constant. V = K x T(K is some constant) V = K T

16. Charles’ Law states that the volume of a fixed amount to gas at a constant pressure, is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

17. A sample of carbon monoxide gas occupies 3.20 L at 125 0 C. At what temperature will the gas occupy a volume of 1.54 L if the pressure remains constant? V 1 = 3.20 L T 1 = 398.15 K V 2 = 1.54 L T 2 = ? T 2 = V 2 x T 1 V1V1 1.54 L x 398.15 K 3.20 L = = 192 K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

18. Example A gas sample occupies a volume of 1.89 L at 25°C. What would be the volume of the sample at 75°C?

19. Example A sample of carbon dioxide in a 5.00-L container has a temperature of 56.9°C. At what temperature will this sample of CO 2 occupy a volume of 3.00 L?