1. TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2010 What are the two cycles of photosynthesis? Where do these cycles take place? OBJECTIVES: How plants take energy from the sun and turn it into something that is useful for them. Why photosynthesis important for humans. DUE TODAY: 4 th Period- Transformation of Energy Lab HOMEWORK: Make sure you have read sections 8.1 & 8.2!!!

2. WHO? Plants… which are AUTOtrophs

3. WHAT do plants need? Water Carbon Dioxide Sunlight (H 2 0) (CO 2 )

4. WHAT happens in photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a process in which light energy is converted into chemical energy

5. Carbon Dioxide + Water Sunlight Glucose (Sugar) +Oxygen 6CO 2 + 6H 2 OC 6 H 12 O 6 +6O 2 REACTANTSPRODUCTS

6. TWO Phases Occur: Light Reactions Light Independent Reactions Also Known As The Calvin Cycle Light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH This occurs in thylakoids of the chloroplasts ATP and NADPH from the Light Reaction are used to make glucose This occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts

7. Site of Light Reaction Site of Light Independent Reaction/ Calvin Cycle

8. PHASE ONE: LIGHT REACTIONS Light-absorbing colored molecules called pigments are found inside the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. The transformation of light energy (from the sun) into energy storage molecules NADPH & ATP. These molecules will later be needed in the light-independent reactions.

9. Why do plants look green? When white light hits an object, that object will absorb all the colors while reflecting the light that gives off it’s color, this is the light that we see and this is what gives the object its color. Chlorophyll absorbs all colors, but reflects green… That’s just one kind of pigment though!!!

10. Paper Chromotography As trees prepare to loose their leaves for the winter, the chlorophyll molecules break down, revealing the colors of the other pigments.