1. Semantic Web Towards a Web of Knowledge - Chapters 3 and 4 – Turning: What is Machine Intelligence Berners-Lee: What is Solvable on the Web Spring 2007 Computer Engineering Department Sharif University of Technology

2. Semantic web - Computer Engineering Dept. - Spring 2007 2 Turing contribution In Turing’s seminal work entitled Computing Machinery and Intelligence more than 50 years ago, he suggested that a computer can be called intelligent if it could deceive a human into believing that it was human. His test—called the Turing test—consists of a person asking a series of questions to both a human subject and a machine. The questioning is done via a keyboard so that the questioner has no direct interaction. A machine with true intelligence will pass the Turing test by providing responses that are sufficiently human-like that the questioner cannot determine which responder is human. A scaled down version of the Turing test, known as the Loebner Prize, requires that machines “converse” with testers only on a limited topic in order to demonstrate their intelligence.

3. Semantic web - Computer Engineering Dept. - Spring 2007 3 Berners-Lee contribution he showed great insight in providing Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) as a simple easy-to-use Web development language. As a result, it was rapidly and widely adopted. To produce Web information required skills that could be learned with a high school level education. Consequently, personal computing merged with global networking to produce the World Wide Web. The continuing evolution of the Web into a resource with intelligent features, however, presents many new challenges. The solution of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is to provide a new Web architecture that uses additional layers of markup languages that can directly apply logic.