1. An Overview of the Basic Speech Types

2. A General Rule of Speech The goal or purpose of any speech will be determined by its context and audience. One general rule to keep in mind with any speech is that “to communicate and be understood is critical, where to impress your listener with eloquence is trivial.” Therefore, get your message across clearly before you try to impress!

3. Four Types of Speeches Informative Instructional/ Demonstrative Entertainment Persuasive *Keep in mind that these four types overlap. You may instruct in an entertaining manner and you may inform the audience to persuade them.

4. Style We can distinguish the type of speech by looking at the style. The style can be determined by the: Speaker’s purpose Intended audience Common topics Stylistic elements

5. 1: Informative Purpose: to provide useful information to the audience. Intended Audience: Someone looking to be informed. For example, students or someone who is unfamiliar/ uneducated about the topic etc.

6. 1: Informative cont’d Common Topics: The history of... Current trends in... The future of... Stylistic Elements: Research is involved Speech will make reference to specific facts and statistics Often incorporates charts, timelines, graphs

7. 2: Instructional/ Demonstrative Purpose: to teach the audience how to do something. Intended Audience: Someone interested in learning how to do something. Example: a beginner or someone who seeks a better understanding.

8. 2. Instructional/ Demonstrative cont’d Common Topics: How to make... How something works How to repair... Stylistic Elements: Must pass on practical skills, not abstract facts Information must be presented in a logical order Incorporates diagrams, steps or tips

9.  Informative vs. Instructional While informative and instructional both provide useful information, the difference is that an informative does not ask the reader to apply it, where an instructional teaches you how to.

10. 3. Entertainment Purpose: to provide pleasure/ enjoyment for the audience. Intended Audience: Someone who is looking to relax, laugh, cry or be entertained in general.

11. 3. Entertainment cont’d Common Topics: Special events and holidays Recognition/ Achievement Acceptances Stylistic Elements: May be prepared or impromptu Tone is used to define the appropriate mood Incorporates personal anecdotes

12. 4. Persuasive Purpose: to persuade the audience of a personal opinion, or to act in a particular manner. Audience: Someone who is looking for insight, is interested in the issue, or is skeptical.

13. 4. Persuasive cont’d Common Topics: Recruitment Sales Inspirational/ motivational Stylistic Elements: Draw on Aristotle’s 3 persuasive techniques: Ethos, Pathos and Logos Should take a positive approach rather than negative Avoid repetition of arguments, instead use a larger variety

14. Application: Based on what you have learned, can you determine what speech type each image represents? Be prepared to explain your answer.

15. Speaker 1: A dog trainer

16. Speaker 2: A friend’s eulogy

17. Speaker 3: A university Professor

18. Speaker 4: A political lobbyist

19. Speaker 5: A Holocaust survivor

20. Speaker 6: An infomercial host

21. Whoops! How did he get in here?