2. Students’ Access to and Use of ICT

3. The Study To examine equity issues related to the use of ICT in education. Used PISA 2000 study Goals of education are to increase educational outcomes and equity in education.

4. Comparison of OECD Countries Computer at Home – Link to the Internet RUS

5. Percentage of Students with Computers at Home and a Link to the Internet

6. Educationally-related possessions of youth in Canada and in four selected countries (Percent of 15-year Olds). Programme of International Student Assessment 2000. _____________________________________________________________________ Possessions Canada Australia Finland Japan United States _____________________________________________________________________ Computer 88 91 82 67 83 Link to the Internet 69 67 54 38 69 Software 77 80 51 16 76 Calculator 99 99 99 99 98 Quiet Place to Study 94 90 93 82 91 Own Desk 85 90 95 96 78 Musical Instrument 72 70 70 80 67 (percent Low SES) (8) (8) (12) (13) (14)

7. Relationship between Having a Computer at Home and a Link to the Internet with Sex and Family Background (Odds-Ratios). PISA, 2000 _______________________________________________________________________ PredictorComputerInternet Link _______________________________________________________________________ Sex (Female = 1).85.87 Parents’ Occupation 1.04 1.03 Parents’ Education (years) 1.18 1.15 Single Parent.40.54 Other Parent.33.44 Number of Siblings.95.93 Immigrant 1.50 1.77

8. Socio-economic Gradients Associated with Having a Computer and Access to the Internet for Canadian Youth, by Sex -0.50.00.51.01.5 Socioeconomic Status 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percentage of Students Computer at Home Link to the Internet

9. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Children living in low socio-economic situations have less access to ICT The use of ICT in education is increasing Most students in Canada have a computer at home and many have access to the Internet Hypothesis of double jeopardy

10. Approaches to Improve Access Programs to provide low SES families with computers (Federal and Provincial) Internet provider discounts for students Internet connections through schools