1. UNIT 3 CHAPTER 2 MANAGING RENEWABLE RESOURCES SUCCESSFULLY

2. ENSURING RENEWABLE RESOURCES FOR THE FUTURE WHAT IS THE COMMON LINK BETWEEN THESE THINGS: FARMING FORESTRY FISHING

3. THEY ARE ALL RENEWABLE RESOURCES WE USE PRODUCTS FROM THESE AREAS DAILY NOT JUST LOCALLY BUT GLOBALLY

4. ALTHOUGH THEY ARE RENEWABLE RESOURCES, THERE IS STILL THE CHANCE THAT IF NOT HANDLED APPROPRIATELY, YOU CAN DEPLETE THE RESOURCE TO AN UNSAFE OR UNUSABLE LEVEL

5. THERE NEEDS TO BE CONSIDERATION AND AN ENVIRONMENTAL BALANCE MUST BE REACHED WHEN MINING THESE RESOURCES MINING RESOURCES: EXPLOITATION OF A RENEWABLE RESOURCE IN AN UNSUSTAINABLE WAY

6. THE KEY TO ENSURING RESOURCES ARE SAFELY EXTRACTED SO THEY CAN BE USED TODAY AND INTO THE FUTURE IS THROUGH WHAT THEY CALL SUSTAINED YIELD MANAGEMENT

7. SUSTAINED YIELD MANAGEMENT: THE PROCESS OF MANAGING A RENEWABLE RESOURCE TO ENSURE THAT THE AMOUNT HARVESTED DOES NOT CAUSE LONG TERM DEPLETION OF THE RESOURCE. THE HARVEST IS EQUAL TO OR LESS THAN THE AMOUNT REPLENISHED EACH YEAR

8. OVERVIEW OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES SOME RESOURCES THAT ARE RENEWABLE ARE AT RISK OF BEING MINED, OR USED UNSUSTAINABLY THAN OTHERS IN CANADA, WE UNDERSTAND MORESO THE IMPORTANCE OF OUR NATURAL RESOURCES AND WE TEND TO BE MODEST WITH OUR DEMANDS OF THE ENVIRONMENT, WHEREAS OTHERS COUNTRIES MAY NOT CANADA IS STILL GUILTY OF DESTROYING THE COD FISHING INDUSTRY

9. FARMING IN ORDER TO FARM EFFECTIVELY, FERTILE SOIL IS NEEDED, AND IT MUST BE MAINTAINED EACH YEAR TO PREVENT SOIL DEGRADATION AND A LOSS OF CROP YIELD FARMING IS ONE OF CANADA’S BIGGEST EXPORTS AND IS ALSO IMPORTANT FOR SELF SUSTAINING FOOD DEMANDS HERE LOCALLY

10. RESOURCES NEEDED: A SUITABLE CLIMATE (APPROPRIATE NUMBER OF GROWING DEGREE DAYS), SOIL PROBLEMS: SOIL DETERIORATION CAUSED BY POOR FARMING PRACTICES. URBAN SPRAWL USING UP FERTILE FARMLAND TO BUILD COMMUNITIES AND NOT FARM RISK: MODERATE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE: CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE AND RAINFALL PATTERNS COULD HAVE A MAJOR IMPACT ON GROWING SEASONS, SOIL CONDITIONS AND PLANT GROWTH

11. FARMING MOST CANADIANS TAKE THEIR FOOD SUPPLY FOR GRANTED CANADIANS ALSO PAY RELATIVELY LITTLE FOR FOOD, WHEN COMPARED TO THE COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH FOOD IN OTHER COUNTRIES

12. SAMPLE OF WORLD PRICES: CANADA: $3.07 GERMANY: $4.93 AUSTRALIA: $5.75 BELGIUM: $6.06 SOUTH AFRICA: $7.04 LONDON: $9.03 PARIS: $11.20 TAIWAN: $11.50

13. SAMPLE OF WORLD PRICES: INDIA: $0.70 BRAZIL: $1.02 SOUTH AFRICA: $1.03 PARIS: $1.79 HONG KONG: $2.00 MOSCOW: $3.89 CANADA: $3.92 TAIWAN: $4.60

14. SAMPLE OF WORLD PRICES:HEAD LETTUCE BRAZIL: $0.43 CANADA: $1.47 GERMANY: $1.56 LONDON: $1.58 MOSCOW: $1.88 AUSTRALIA: $1.97 PARIS: $3.07 KUWAIT: $4.52

15. ALTHOUGH FOOD IS SOLD AT A GROCERY STORE, WE OFTEN TEND TO FORGET ABOUT THE COMPLEX NETWORK OF FACTORIES, FARMS AND SHIPPING ROUTES THAT THE FOOD GOES THROUGH BEFORE BEING PUT ONTO THE SHELF

16. MANY FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO SUCCESSFUL FARMING, MOST NOTABLY, CLIMATE AND LAND QUALITY HAVING THE RIGHT CLIMATE AND RIGHT LOCATION IS DIFFICULT TO FIND AND AS A RESULT THE FARMING REGIONS RELATIVE TO THE SIZE OF CANADA ARE RATHER SMALL

17. CLIMATE FACTORS: THE APPROPRIATE CLIMATE FOR FOODS TO BE GROWN WILL BE DEPENDENT ON THE GDD (GROWING DEGREE DAYS) MOISTURE – AMOUNT OF PRECIPITATION

18. LAND QUALITY THE GOVERNMENT PERFORMED A CANADIAN LAND INVENTORY TO DETERMINE THE LANDS ABILITY TO GROW CROPS THERE 7 TOTAL CLASSES AND ONLY THE FIRST 4 ARE GOOD ENOUGH TO HOLD AGRICULTURE

19. LAND CAN BE DOWNGRADED BASED ON THE FOLLOWING FACTORS: CLIMATE LIMITATIONS; GDD, LOW PRECIP SOIL DAMAGE FROM EROSION STONY SOIL SHALLOW SOIL (LESS THAN 1M OF SOIL ABOVE THE BEDROCK) HILLY REGION EXCESS WATER IN SOIL

20. CLASS 1: EXCELLENT; NO LIMITATIONS CLASS 2: VERY GOOD; NO SERIOUS LAND/CLIMATE LIMITATIONS CLASS 3: GOOD; SOME LAND OR CLIMATE LIMITATIONS THAT MAKE SOME FARMING ACTIVITIES IMPOSSIBLE CLASS 4: FAIR; SHORT GROWING SEASONS, POOR SOIL CONDITIONS ETC.

21. CLASS 5: SERIOUS LIMITATIONS; VERY SHORT GROWING SEASONS CLASS 6: SIMILAR TO CLASS 5; EXCEPT MORE SEVERE (ONLY USED FOR ROUGH GRAZING) CLASS 7: NO CAPABILITIES FOR GROWING/TOO FAR NORTH

22. WITH THAT SAID: 0.5% OF ALL LAND IN CANADA IS CLASS 1 4.5% OF ALL LAND IN CANADA IS CLASS 2,3 8.2% OF ALL LAND IN CANADA IS CLASS 4,5,6 86.8% OF ALL LAND IN CANADA IS RATED A CLASS 7

23. TYPES OF FARMING FARMING IS NOT EQUAL ACROSS THE LAND. FARMS WILL VARY IN SIZE AND PRODUCTION THERE ARE TWO TYPES: INTENSIVE FARMING AND EXTENSIVE FARMING

24. INTENSIVE: SMALL AREAS OF LAND REQUIRE LOTS OF LABOUR LOCATED NEAR LARGE URBAN AREAS AND PRODUCES PRODUCTS SUCH AS DAIRY PRODUCTS FOR THE NEARBY POPULATION

25. EXTENSIVE LARGE AREAS OF LAND SMALL AMOUNTS OF LABOR PRODUCES THINGS LIKE WHEAT, CORN, TOMATOES, ETC FOR EXPORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: 1-4 PG 109

26. FORESTRY TREES ARE OBVIOUSLY RENEWABLE RESOURCES. MUCH OF CANADA IS COVERED IN THE BOREAL FORESTS AND MUCH OF THIS IS BEING CUT INTO AS THE WOOD FOR LUMBER, PAPER, AND FIREWOOD IS A MASSIVE INDUSTRY THE BOREAL FOREST IS ALSO SHRINKING DUE TO THE EXPANSION OF HUMAN COLONIZATION MOVING FROM THE SOUTHERN BORDERS OF CANADA, NORTHWARD

27. RESOURCES NEEDED: CLIMATE AND SOILS APPROPRIATE FOR THE GROWTH OF THE TREES. THESE TREES ALSO PROVIDE THE SEEDLINGS FOR NEW TREES TO GROW (A SELF SUSTAINING FOREST) PROBLEMS: POOR FORESTRY PRACTICES CAN RESULT IN SCRUB BUSH REPLACING A HIGH QUALITY FOREST AND SOIL EROSION CAN BE A SERIOUS CONCERN IN HILLY AREAS (LANDSLIDES) RISK OF BEING USED UNSUSTAINABLY: MODERATE TO HIGH IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE: THE SIZE AND BORDERS OF THE FORESTS WILL CHANGE. WARMER TEMPS CAN CAUSE AN INCREASE IN INSECT DAMAGE TO THE FORESTS

28. WHILE MOST FARM CROPS ARE PLANTED AND HARVESTED WITHIN A FEW MONTHS TREES WILL TAKE 40 OR MORE YEARS TO BE OLD ENOUGH TO USE FOR PAPER, AND IT WILL BE ANOTHER 200+ YEARS FOR TREES TO BE USED FOR LUMBER!

29. MANY YEARS AGO, WE LACKED THE TECHNOLOGY TO EFFECTIVELY (TRANSPORTATION AND LOGGING EQUIPMENT SUCH AS SAWS AND MILLS) THE IDEA OF OVER CUTTING TREES WAS SEEMINGLY IMPOSSIBLE

30. THIS HAS NOW CHANGED WITH OUR VAST USE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MACHINES AND LARGE TRANSPORTATION FORMS WE ARE NOW FACING A PROBLEM WE NEVER THOUGHT POSSIBLE… WE CAN OVER HARVEST (MINE) OUR FORESTS!

31. THIS IS ONE OF CANADA’S BIGGEST CONCERNS MOVING FORWARD INTO SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF OUR NATURAL RESOURCES IN ORDER TO DO SO, WE MUST UNDERSTAND WHERE OUR TREES ARE…

33. CHECK OUT PAGE 113…

34. CANADA’S FORESTS ARE 3 RD LARGEST IN THE WORLD AFTER BRAZIL AND RUSSIA HOWEVER, THE BOREAL FORESTS ARE DECLINING AND CHANGING DUE TO HUMAN INTERFERENCE (MINING) AND DUE TO NATURAL THINGS LIKE FOREST FIRES AND CLIMATE CHANGE

36. ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE YIELD SOME FEEL WE SHOULD LEAVE THE FORESTS PRESERVED (UNTOUCHED) OTHERS FEEL THERE IS WEALTH, OPPORTUNITY AND JOBS IN THE FORESTS FORESTS ARE VITAL TO OUR HOMES AND TO OUR DAILY LIVES AS WE USE PRODUCTS FROM TREES EACH AND EVERY DAY

37. THE FOREST STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL (FSC) IS IN CHARGE OF MAKING SURE THE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF FORESTRY PRODUCTS IS DONE LEGALLY AND SAFELY THEY WILL CERTIFY FORESTS AND REGULATE OPERATIONS TO LET CONSUMERS KNOW THAT THEY PRODUCTS THEY ARE BUYING WERE OBTAINED IN A PROPER WAY THEY HAVE SET STANDARDS AND THEY TRY TO ENFORCE THOSE STANDARDS ONTO THE LOGGING COMPANIES

38. COMMERCIAL FISHING INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT FOR NORTHERN ATLANTIC CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA AND QUEBEC. FISHING IS AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF FOOD GLOBALLY AND A LARGE SOURCE OF INCOME FOR CANADA AS AN EXPORT

39. RESOURCES NEEDED: NATURALLY OCCURRING FISH STOCKS ARE REQUIRED PROBLEMS: FISH STOCKS ARE TOO OFTEN MINED, ORANGE ROUGHY, CHILEAN SEA BASS AND THE ATLANTIC COD ARE JUST A FEW EXAMPLES. POLLUTION IN THE OCEAN ALSO REDUCES THE HEALTH AND POPULATION OF FISH POPULATIONS RISK OF BEING USED UNSUSTAINABLY: HIGH, ALREADY MOST OF THE WORLDS FISHING GROUNDS HAVE ALREADY BEEN OVERFISHED IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE: SINCE OCEANS AROUND THE WORLD ARE WARMING, FISH POPULATIONS ARE MOVING NORTHWARD TO COLDER WATERS

40. AS PART OF CANADA’S TOTAL ECONOMY FISHING IS NOT THAT IMPORTANT, HOWEVER, IT DOES: PROVIDE A LOCAL IMPORTANCE AND INDUSTRY TO ATLANTIC CANADA AND BRITISH COLUMBIA PROTECT OUR HERITIAGE AS IT IS CANADA’S OLDEST INDUSTRY PROVIDE US WITH THE GREATEST LESSON OF ALL ABOUT UNSUSTAINABLE HARVESTS

41. PG 121 AND 122 #1-11 ASSIGNMENT OUT OF 25 (#8 IS WORTH 2 MARKS)

42. OUTLINE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INSHORE FISHING AND OFFSHORE FISHING IN YOUR NOTES…

43. ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE YIELD WE NOW UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE YIELD AFTER THE COD FISHERY COLLAPSE, WE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO EXTEND OUR FISHING INTO OTHER SPECIES AND BROADEN OUR SCOPE MANAGEMENT HAS BEEN TIGHTENED AND THE INDUSTRY HAS MANY REGULATIONS AND IMPORTANT LAWS THAT ARE STRICTLY ENFORCED

44. BREAKING SUCH LAWS COULD RESULT IN SUSPENSION, HEFTY FINES, IMPRISONMENT AND EVEN CONFISCATION OF EQUIPMENT AND/OR BOATS CATCH LIMITS ARE SET AND TRACKED AND FISHING SEASONS CAN END EARLY IF TOO MANY ARE CAUGHT TOO SOON THE MARINE STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL (MSC) IS IN CHARGE OF CREATING AND ENFORCING THESE LAWS

45. TEST!!