2. 1. Hardness - resistance to scratching Diamond - hardest natural substance

3. 2. Elasticity - ability to be stretched & return to its original size FYI - solids are more elastic than liquids & gases

4. 3. Brittleness - a material’s tendency to shatter

5. 4. Malleability - ability to be pounded into sheets

6. 5. Tensile Strength - how much pulling or stretching a material can w/stand before breaking

7. What is a fluid? A “fluid” is any substance that can flow. This includes both liquids & gases. Gas = Liquid

8. 1.Density- 1.Density- the amount of matter in a particular space or volume -the heaviness of a substance ex. 1 L of sand is more dense than 1L of water is more dense than 1L or oxygen

9. With density, an increase in volume results in density decrease EXCEPTION: water is less dense as a solid Particles spread outParticles spread out

10. 2. Buoyancy - measure of upward force a fluid exerts on an object

11. Buoyant force is = to weight of the fluid displaced FLOAT if b.f. > weight SINK if b.f. < weight NEUTRAL BUOYANCY if b.f. = weight Click next slide to play Titanic Clip (5:36)

12. 3. Viscosity - measures a fluid’s resistance to flow iscosity = slow flow (ketchup, honey) high viscosity = slow flow (ketchup, honey) viscosity = fast flow (water) low viscosity = fast flow (water)

13. Can viscosity be altered? –YLiquid: an increase in temperature LOWERS viscosity ES! Factors that affect viscosity are: Temperature –Gas: increase temperature INCREASES viscosity