2. The Circulatory System

3. When you see then copy down the vocabulary word.

4. Circulatory system The bodily system consisting of the blood vessels, and blood that circulates blood throughout the body, delivers nutrients and other essential materials to cells, and removes waste products.

6. The Closed Circulatory System Humans have a closed circulatory system, typical of all vertebrates, in which blood is confined to vessels and is distinct from the other fluids. –The heart pumps blood into large vessels that branch into smaller ones leading into the organs. –Materials are exchanged by diffusion between the blood and the interstitial fluid bathing the cells.

7. The Circulatory System Blood Vessels -A network of tubes where gas exchange takes place. Works with the Respiratory System

8. Arteries Arteries  arterioles- a blood vessel that moves blood from the heart to any part of the body.

9. Artery and Away both begin with “A”. Meaning that arteries take blood AWAY from the heart.

10. Capillaries Capillaries-A network of vessels that are one cell thick It’s where gas exchange takes place.

11. Veins-venules Veins- Blood vessels that return blood from the body tissues to the heart.

12. Veins continued… Skeletal Muscles contract to force blood back from legs One way valves When they break - varicose veins form

13. When you look at how blood vessels are arranged the are in the following order. Arteries-take the blood from the heart. They break down to smaller vessels called, arterioles. Arterioles breakdown to capillaries, which are the smallest type of blood vessels. Then they build back up. Capillaries will build up to make venules and they make larger vessels called veins. So it look like this.

14. Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins Venules

16. Tim and Moby

17. Blood, which transports digested food and oxygen to cells, is formed in the bone marrow. Blood carries carbon dioxide and other waste products away from the cells to be excreted from the body.

18. Blood The fluid that circulates in the blood vessels consisting of plasma in which the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

19. Blood The blood is composed of three types cells, suspended in liquid called plasma. Let’s look at each one.

20. The Blood Plasma-Liquid portion of the blood. Contains clotting factors, hormones, antibodies, dissolved gases, nutrients and waste.

21. The Blood Erythrocytes AKA Red Blood Cells (RBC’s) They carry oxygen to the cells of the body. Do not have a nucleus and live only about 120 days. Can not repair themselves. Carrier protein called Hemoglobin.

22. The Blood Hemoglobin-the oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells that gives them their red color and carries oxygen to the tissues:

23. The Blood Leukocytes AKA White Blood cells (WBC’s) Fight infection and are formed in the bone marrow –Five types – neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes.

25. The Blood Thrombocytes AKA Platelets These are cell fragments that are formed in the bone marrow from magakaryocytes. –They clot blood by sticking together – by protein fibers called fibrin.

27. Blood types Blood comes in four different types: A,B,AB, and O. Let’s learn about them. http://www.givelife2.org/ab outblood/bloodtypes.asp

28. A person with type O is known as a universal donor. Because they don’t have any proteins on the surface of their cell. Type AB has both A and B protein on the surface of the cell so they can receive blood from either A or B. This is known as a universal recipient.

29. Blood types When a person loses a lot of blood, they can only receive that same type of blood as their own or the universal blood type O. Mixing can cause the blood to clump together. The clumped cells mat form blood clots, which block the vessels causing death to occur.

30. The Blood Antigen -A substance that when introduced into the body stimulates the production of an antibody. Antigens include toxins, bacteria, foreign blood cells, and the cells of transplanted organs.

31. Blood types Different blood types not only have different chemicals on their RBC’s surfaces but also may have different chemical in their plasma. These chemicals are called antibodies.

32. antibodies Proteins in the blood that are produced by the body in response to specific antigens (such as bacteria).

33. antibiotic Proteins that fight off invading substances or pathogens.

34. When your body fights off a pathogen it helps body develop immunity. The cells makes a copy of how to fight the pathogen and keeps it stored in the DNA for future use, in case that pathogen shows up again.

35. immunity The protection of the body from a disease caused by an infectious agent, such as a bacterium or virus. Immunity may be natural (that is, inherited) or acquired.

36. Tim can you explain blood types to us ?

37. Disorders of the Circulatory System Anemia - lack of iron in the blood, low RBC count Leukemia - white blood cells proliferate wildly, causing anemia Hemophilia - bleeder’s disease, due to lack of fibrinogen in thrombocytes Heart Murmur - abnormal heart beat, caused by valve problems Heart attack - blood vessels around the heart become blocked with plaque, also called myocardial infarction

38. The End