1. Ch 9 The Progressive Era Section 1 The Origins of Progressivism

2. 4 Main Goals 1.Protecting social welfare: YMCA, Salvation Army, Florence KelleyYMCA, Salvation Army, Florence Kelley 2.Promoting moral improvement: Prohibition, Woman’s Christian Temperance Movement, Carry NationProhibition, Woman’s Christian Temperance Movement, Carry Nation 3.Creating economic reform: Socialism, Eugene V. DebsSocialism, Eugene V. Debs 4.Fostering efficiency: Louis D. Brandeis (“Brandeis brief”), scientific managementLouis D. Brandeis (“Brandeis brief”), scientific management

3. MUCKRACKERS Exposed “wrongs” in society/politicsExposed “wrongs” in society/politics Political cartoons, articlesPolitical cartoons, articles Ida Tarbell, Upton Sinclair, Lincoln Steffens, Ray Stannard BakerIda Tarbell, Upton Sinclair, Lincoln Steffens, Ray Stannard Baker

4. Cleaning up local gov’t Natural disasters help launch reform movementNatural disasters help launch reform movement –1900 Galveston, Texas = hurricane forces creation of 5 member commission –1913 Dayton, Ohio = flood led to wide-spread adoption of city council headed by manager

5. Reform mayorsReform mayors –Focused on dismissing corrupt & greedy private owners utilities –Exa. Hazen Pingree of Detroit, Michigan & Tom Johnson of Cleveland, Ohio

6. Reform at State Level Reform GovernorsReform Governors –Robert M. La Follette: Wisconsin; targeted RR industry & utilities; approved direct primaries, initiatives, referendums, and recalls.

7. Labor reformsLabor reforms –1904 Natn’l child labor committee –1916 Keating-Owen Act: prohibits interstate trade of goods produced by kids. –Muller v. Oregon & Bunting v. Oregon upheld ten- hour work day 17 th Amendment – 1913 direct election of senators17 th Amendment – 1913 direct election of senators