3. TOPICS TO BE COVERED What are fossil fuels? The Formation of Coal, Oil and Natural Gas Uses of fossil fuel

4. WHAT ARE FOSSIL FUELS? They are substances that can be burnt to provide energy. They are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals. They are organic substances as they are formed from once living things. Coal, oil and natural gas are fossil fuels

5. How Coal is Formed Coal is a solid fuel formed from plant remains. When plants died, they sank into the swamps millions of years ago. They could not be completely decomposed because of a lack of oxygen and formed thick, moist layers in the ground. Over time, sediments piled on top of these layers of decayed plant matter and compacted them into solid layers of coal.

6. HOW OIL IS FORMED Crude oil is the liquid form of fossil fuels. It is formed from the remains of marine plants and animals. Marine plants and animals settled on the ocean floor when they died and were covered by sediments. Over time, pressure and heat changed these organic remains into oil. The oil seeps upwards and collects as a pool above the rock.

7. HOW NATURAL GAS IS FORMED Natural gas is the gaseous form of fossil fuels. It is formed in a similar manner to crude oil. Crude oil and natural gas are usually found together, but the gas collects above the oil because it is less dense.

8. USES OF FOSSIL FUELS As an energy source. Petroleum is the main source of energy used today to power various forms of transport. Coal is mostly used to generate electricity As a heat source Natural gas is commonly used in homes for cooking and heating. Coal is also used. As raw materials in many industries Coal is used in the manufacture of products like dyes, waxes, drugs and pesticides. Petroleum is used to make plastic products and lubricants.