1. Settlements Grow Essential Questions: What is the role of religion in government? Why does conflict develop?

2. The Growth of Missions Worried about France, Spain decided to secure East Texas by building new missions Frenchman Louis de St. Denis, who had been sent by the French to work with the Spanish, had experience with the trails and good relations with the Natives. St. Denis guided the Spanish soldiers and settlers.

3. New Missions in East Texas June 1716 – A large Spanish force arrived at the site of San Francisco de los Tejas and founded a mission called Nuestro Padre San Francisco de los Tejas (added 6 more missions within a year). They also built a presidio named Nuestra Senora de los Dolores de los Tejas, which protected the missions from Natives and French. Friar Antonio Margil de Jesus founded these missions: Nuestra Senora de los Dolores (East Texas) San Migue de los Adaes (East Texas) 1720 – San Jose y San Miguel de Aquayo (San Antonio)

4. San Antonio Is Founded Needed a colony midway between settlements along the Rio Grande and East Texas The 500-mile journey was dangerous, and supplies were scarce. Chose a site on the San Antonio River

5. San Antonio Is Founded 1718 – San Antonio Built Presidio San Antonio de Bexar (Martin de Alarcon oversaw the work.) Soldiers brought their families, farmed, hunted, and built irrigation canals. Across the river, Father Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares founded Mission San Antonio de Valero. (Alamo)

7. 1718 San Antonio

8. Why is 1718 a significant date in Texas history? A. San Antonio was founded. B. Stephen F. Austin established the colony of San Felipe de Austin. C. Mexico gained its independence from Spain. D. Anglo American empressarios arrived in Texas. A

9. Nuevo Santander 1748 – Count Jose de Escandon established Nuevo Santander. Over time, he founded 20 settlements including Laredo Escandon is called “the father of the lower Rio Grande Valley.”

10. CouNt EScandon (Nuevo Santander)

11. Spain and France at War France Strikes First Late 1718 – France declared war on Spain. June 1719 – French outpost in Natchitoches, Louisiana, heard about the war.

12. Spain and France at War France Strikes First French went to attack nearest Spanish target: Mission San Miguel de Linares de los Adaes Only one friar and one soldier there, so it was easily taken As captives, the friar and soldier heard of France’s plan to attack East Texas. After the two escaped, they warned the closest mission. Spanish families panicked and fled to San Antonio. (CHICKEN WAR) Marques de San Miguel de Aguayo (governor) was ordered to organize a force to retake East Texas. (However, he was delayed for two years.)

13. Defending Spanish Lands 1721 – Aguayo reopened the missions that had been abandoned in East Texas. Aguayo built a large presidio near the French post of Natichitoches, Louisiana. Called it Nuestra Senora del Pilar de los Adaes St. Denis (in command of French Natchitoches) protested the presidio, but did not try to drive the Spanish out. 1722 – Los Adaes became the unofficial Spanish capital of Texas (Eyes and Ears on the French)

16. Securing Texas Aguayo sent a detachment to where La Salle’s old fort was and built a presidio. The next year, he built Mission La Bahia. Named La Bahia because it was near Matagorda Bay Bahia is Spanish for “bay” Natives were unwilling to follow Christianity or move into the mission, so both the mission and presidio were relocated to the Guadalupe River to work with a more willing group of Natives. Then, it was relocated again (near Goliad) to secure the main road from Mexico to Bexar Although it was relocated away from the bay, it kept the name.

18. Securing Texas Aguayo expanded Spanish presence and secured a supply line. (10 missions (were 2 before him) and 4 presidios (only 1 before him)) The French never threatened Texas again.

19. Based on the map, it can be concluded that the majority of Spanish missions were located A. Along rivers B. On the coastline of Texas C. In mountains D. In West Texas A