1. NRHS Earth Science –First Nine Weeks Test Review 2011-2012 Your Host: Mrs. Cross

2. Scientific Investigation What are the 6 steps to the scientific method we have learned ?

3. 1. Identify a problem 2. Gather Information(research) 3. Make a hypothesis 4. Test a hypothesis 5. Analyze the results 6. Draw conclusions

4. 2. If the Independent variable is the variable being tested in an experiment, all the other controllable variables must be kept _________.

5. Constant !!!! WHY???

6. 3. What is the formula for density? D=M/V (Density =Mass/Volume)

7. Determining Volume and Density Of an irregular object? Of an irregular object?

8. Volume of a body of water? V= L x W x H ( Volume = (length x width x height) )

9. Latitude,Longitude,and Maps What’s latitude? What’s longitude?

10. Remember….. In a coordinate set… In a coordinate set… latitude is written _____. latitude is written _____.first 56 o N, 38 o E 56 o N, 38 o E

11. Maps A globe is the close to being a a perfect map. A Mercator map distorts land masses near the poles. Why?

12. Finding your way Using compass direction….

13. Reading a Topographic Map Contour Interval (CI) Contour Interval (CI) Mathematical difference between contour lines Mathematical difference between contour lines Map Scale Map Scale Map scale is a ratio. Map scale is a ratio. Units on map : Units in the field Units on map : Units in the field Remember: Keep the units the same!

14. Types of maps Isobar Isobar Isothermal Isothermal

15. Geologic Maps Show arrangement of rock types at the earth’s surface Show arrangement of rock types at the earth’s surface Look at the map symbols and legend to determine rock types and locations

16. Astronomy What was the first manned mission to land on the moon? On July 20,1969, Apollo 11 landed on the moon’s surface Neil Armstrong was the 1st human to ever set foot on the Moon’s surface. “One small step for man,one giant leap for mankind”

17. Picture of Apollo 11 astronaut

18. Rotation of the earth One complete rotation of the Earth (spinning of Earth on its axis) takes One complete rotation of the Earth (spinning of Earth on its axis) takes 24 hours. Earth rotation gives us night and day.

19. Weight on Earth vs. the Moon Weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object. Weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object. The moon is much smaller than the Earth. As a result, the force of gravity on the moon is only about one sixth as strong as gravity on Earth. If you were to weigh yourself on a scale here on earth and then could take that same scale to the moon and weigh yourself there, your weight on the moon would be 1/6 of your Earthly weight. If you weighed 100 pounds on Earth, you would weigh only about 16 pounds on the moon. The moon is much smaller than the Earth. As a result, the force of gravity on the moon is only about one sixth as strong as gravity on Earth. If you were to weigh yourself on a scale here on earth and then could take that same scale to the moon and weigh yourself there, your weight on the moon would be 1/6 of your Earthly weight. If you weighed 100 pounds on Earth, you would weigh only about 16 pounds on the moon.

20. Soltices 23&24. The Southern Hemisphere is warmer in JAN than JUL because…. Look at the position of the Earth during the winter month of Jan. What is the position and tilt of the Earth in relation to the Sun?

21. 25. Why do we only see one side of the moon? Think about Earth’s rotation and the moon’s rotation. They rotate in approximately the same amount of time(27.3 days) so the same side of the moon always faces us.

22. PQ. 26. What are the positions of the sun,Earth,and moon during a lunar eclipse? Remember during a lunar eclipse,the Earth’s shadow blocks light coming from the Sun.

23. 27. Why does Mars never appear as a black dot between the Earth and the Sun?

24. The Big Bang Theory A theory that the solar system was formed by a series of interactions where a cloud of gas, ice, and dust began to spin and contract and then nuclear fusion reactions took place to form a dense central sun and then the remaining material cooled, collided and combined to form the planets. A theory that the solar system was formed by a series of interactions where a cloud of gas, ice, and dust began to spin and contract and then nuclear fusion reactions took place to form a dense central sun and then the remaining material cooled, collided and combined to form the planets.