1. What does the following quote mean to you? “If a country is not worth protecting, it is not worth fighting.” ~George Rogers Clark

2. 1. 1.France (Ben Franklin) a. Secret Aid b. King Louis XVI (16 th ) c. French and Indian War 2. Spain a. Louisiana (Galvez) b. Natchez, Baton Rouge, Mobile, and Pensacola

3. Louisiana Governor Galvez

4. Marquis de Lafayette French Volunteer “The soldier friend” Own Money for Supplies Persuaded French King Humanity has won its battle. Liberty now has a country. —Lafayette

5. Baron von Steuben Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin von Steuben German Line and column movements Bayonets

6. Valley Forge December 1777 – June 1778 CHALLENGE 1. a. A call to engage in a contest, fight, or competition: a challenge to a duel. b. An act or statement of defiance; a call to confrontation: a challenge to the government's authority. 2. A demand for explanation or justification; a calling into question: a challenge to a theory. 3. A test of one's abilities or resources in a demanding but stimulating undertaking: a career that offers a challenge. 4. A claim that a vote is invalid or that a voter is unqualified.

7. Concluding Activity George Rogers Clark John Paul Jones On a scrap piece of paper, create a t-chart (each side representing either Jones or Clark) and list their respective contribution(s).

8. War at Sea ~ A Naval Hero British Warships Privateer (wealth and patriotism) John Paul Jones Bonhomme Richard

9. S e r a p i s

10. George Rogers Clark Kentucky owned by Virginia No British and Natives Ohio River Kaskaskia & Vincennes Henry Hamilton

11. British (Hamilton) American (Clark) Ft. Pitt Ft. Detroit

12. Concluding Activity George Rogers Clark John Paul Jones On a scrap piece of paper, create a t-chart (each side representing either Jones or Clark) and list their respective contribution(s). Using your desk as an “impact gauge,” place each individual on your desk to reflect the impact made on the American Revolution. Less Impact More Impact Be prepared to utilize your t-chart to support your thoughts on your desk!

13. Main Idea Activity Main Idea The winter at Valley Forge tested the strength of Patriot troops. Text Connection Read “Winter at Valley Forge” on page 132. Hitting the “Brakes” Whenever we read a supporting detail of the main idea, indicate the class to STOP. We will process and connect the information together. It is ENCOURAGED that you work on/complete the assigned vocabulary and review guide objective(s) in class as part of ENGAGING in the content.

14. Valley Forge December 1777 – June 1778 Washington forced from Philadelphia Deteriorating conditions Philadelphia women (Martha Washington) Saratoga legacy

15. Sources: text information, cross-section diagram, excavation site, ruler, dictionary Sources: text information, cross-section diagram, excavation site, ruler, dictionary For your information sheet, make sure you  read each question carefully.  infer (make “educated guesses”) to what artifacts might mean.  analyze and answer thoroughly (write as much detail as you can). For your information sheet, make sure you  read each question carefully.  infer (make “educated guesses”) to what artifacts might mean.  analyze and answer thoroughly (write as much detail as you can). Try this approach: What might the artifacts TELL you IF they could talk? Try this approach: What might the artifacts TELL you IF they could talk?

17. Challenge 1)a demand for identification 2)a calling into question; demanding proof, explanation 3)a call or dare to take part in a duel, contest 4)anything that calls for special effort or dedication 5)an objection to a vote or someone’s right to vote Challenge 1)a demand for identification 2)a calling into question; demanding proof, explanation 3)a call or dare to take part in a duel, contest 4)anything that calls for special effort or dedication 5)an objection to a vote or someone’s right to vote We have determined the appropriate definition of challenge. From your reading and archeological analysis, recall examples of “challenge” at Valley Forge. We have determined the appropriate definition of challenge. From your reading and archeological analysis, recall examples of “challenge” at Valley Forge.