1. 7.1 Notes: Muslim Empires Our Second Empire: The Persian Empire

2. Warm-Up: Photo Analysis One 4+ details

3. Islam Islam is the second largest religion in the world, with over 1 billion followers. It is a monotheistic (one god) faith based on revelations received by the Prophet Muhammad in 7th-century Saudi Arabia. The Arabic word Islam means “submission,” reflecting the faith's central tenet of submitting to the will of God. Followers of Islam are called Muslims.

4. A reminder… Religion: Islam Followers: Muslim Religion: Christianity Followers: Christians Religion: Judaism Followers: Jews Religion: Buddhism Followers: Buddhists Religion: Football Followers: Fans

5. Islam Today The sacred text of Islam, the Qur'an, was written in Arabic within 30 years of Muhammad's death. – Muslims believe it contains the literal word of God. Islamic practices center on the Five Pillars of Islam – Faith, prayer, fasting, pilgrimage to Mecca and alms*. *Alms = money or food given to the poor (Islam and the Judeo-Christian West have had a challenging relationship for centuries and today's conflicts in the Middle East are religiously charged.)

7. Hajj At least once in his or her life, each Muslim makes the pilgrimage to Mecca During the five main days of the hajj, those on the pilgrimage duplicate the ritual first performed by Abraham, including circling the sacred shrine (Ka`ba), standing on the plain of `Arafat, and offering a sacrifice.

9. Belief https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgP_OS OS3IA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgP_OS OS3IA – Write down 5 things that you learned from this video.

10. The Persian Empire To the east of the Ottoman Empire lay Persia – A land that had once been part of the Ottoman Empire – Broke away because of religious differences. (Includes Present day Iran) In the 1500s Shiite Muslims, bitter enemies of the Ottoman Turks, conquered the land of present-day Iran.

11. Shiites All Persian subjects accepted the Shiite form of Islam. Belief in the Shia branch of Islam distinguished people living in Persia from neighboring Sunni Muslim peoples: the Arabs and Turks. The most famous Persian Emperor was Xerxes who ALMOST conquered Greece in 480 b.c.

13. The Mogul Empire Our third and final empire.

14. Tension between the Hindus & Muslims By the 1300s, Muslim Mongol rulers had conquered much of central Asia. – Present day Afghanistan and Northern India They recognized that most of the people were Hindus, therefore encouraging religious tolerance to end quarrels between Hindus and Muslims. – Muslims believed in one God and Hindus worshiped many deities, causing tension between the two groups.

15. Map of the Moguls

16. Religious Tolerance This idea of religious tolerance allowed many of the world’s religions like Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism and Christianity that still co exist today. Unfortunately, by the 1600s, other Mogul rulers abandoned religious tolerance and began persecuting India’s Hindu majority as well as the Sikhs. Hindu’s and Sikhs rebelled and their revolt only weakened the Mogul authority. By the late 1600s the Mogul Empire was….history!

17. Taj Mahal

18. The Taj Mahal is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Built for the love of a deceased wife of a Mogul ruler. This man was the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, who was head-over-heels in love with Mumtaz Mahal, his dear wife. She died in 1631, while giving birth to their 14th child and he built the Taj Mahal as a tribute to her. An epitome of love, it made use of the services of 22,000 laborers and 1,000 elephants. The monument was built entirely out of white marble, which was brought in from all over India and central Asia.

19. Creative Writing Pretend that you are making/made the journey to Mecca and are partaking in the hajj. Write a letter, create a diary entry, pretend that you are giving a speech, etc. Include five pieces of information that you learned today, in your writing. Must be at least ½ a page.

20. Wrap-Up Mogul empire overview – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M82ypbbj9FY&playnext=1&list=PL9 446A142B9F9E4DD&feature=results_video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M82ypbbj9FY&playnext=1&list=PL9 446A142B9F9E4DD&feature=results_video Persian Empire Overview – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZlqgtdQoHo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZlqgtdQoHo Islam and Politics Crash Course – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ka8csjsmX6I https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ka8csjsmX6I Islam Crash Course – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpcbfxtdoI8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpcbfxtdoI8 Greeks and Persians Crash Course – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-mkVSasZIM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-mkVSasZIM