1. Napoleon Bonaparte

2. Napoleon: Born for Greatness Born 1769 – Corsica Military school at age 9 By age 16 (1785) – Becomes army lieutenant 1795 Defends delegation of National Convention

3. Napoleon: Born for Greatness 2 1796-1799 – military victories vs. Austria, Sardina, Britain 1798—marries Josephine End of 1799 – “the General” referred to one man: Napoleon Bonaparte

4. Napoleon Seizes Power 1799 – The Directory loses control Napoleon and wife Josephine are urged to seize power November 19, 1799 –Napoleon’s Coup d ’etat (sudden overthrow of the gov)

5. Domestic Policies of Napoleon 1.Napoleonic Code Unified laws 2.Stabilized Economy 3.Created national banks 4.Officials based on merit 5.Gov-run public schools (lycees) 6.Strong, Centralized Government Stable

6. Why is he so popular? “Soldier’s General” First into battle, the last to leave Brave, Valiant, Attractive, Suave, Inspirational

7. Napoleon’s Control “First Consul” dictator Coronates himself Emperor (1804) Arrogant move Divorces Josephine, marries Austrian Marie Louise

8. New Territories for Bonaparte Sells LA Territory to U.S. for $15 million By 1805 – Conquered most of Europe: Austria-Netherlands, Switzerland, Italy, Spain Only countries not under control: Britain, Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Sweden

9. Mapping the Success

10. Third Coalition Third Coalition (alliance) Russia, Austria, Britain, Prussia Napoleon signs peace treaties with all those BUT Britain

11. NAPOLEON’S DOWNFALL

12. Napoleon’s “Achilles Heel” 1805 - Continental System Blockade of all of Europe Attempt cut off British trade Fails—British Navy too powerful Battle of Trafalgar (1805) – Horatio Nelson (English Gen) Naval battle Napoleon defeated

13. Russia Outsmarts Napoleon (June 1812) Minor Victory in Moscow Scorched-earth policy Burn & Retreat, Burn & Retreat Napoleon Fails in Russia

14. Napoleon Exiled Napoleon exiled to Elba (March 1814) Monarchy restored (Louis XVIII)

15. Napoleon Returns Escapes Elba “I am your emperor…If there is any among you who would kill your emperor, here I am.” “Long live the emperor!” – gains support Louis XVIII flees Hundred Days Napoleon’s reign following his return Restore values of revolution Battle of Waterloo (June 18, 1815) Duke of Wellington (British & Prussian Forces) Win Napoleon exiled to St. Helena

16. Napoleon’s Last Days “1000 miles from home, and 1000 miles from nowhere.” Dies 1821

17. Congress of Vienna 1814-1815 –European leaders establish peace & security Klemmons von Metternich (Austria) Prevent French Aggression Balance of Power (No country is a threat to anyone) Restore royal families to the throne

18. European Map after Congress of Vienna (1817) Napoleon Empire Map (1815)

19. Legacies of Congress of Vienna 1.Britain & Prussia power increases, France power decreases 2.Nationalism grows in European nations (Led to revolutions) 3.Colonies Gain Independence