3. Authority: the legal right and power to give orders and enforce rules Authority: the legal right and power to give orders and enforce rules Government: institutions and officials organized to establish and carry out public policy Government: institutions and officials organized to establish and carry out public policy Power: the ability to cause others to behave as they might not otherwise choose to do so Power: the ability to cause others to behave as they might not otherwise choose to do so

4. Coercion: use of force or threats to make people do something against their will Coercion: use of force or threats to make people do something against their will Abuse of Power: misuse of authority for harmful, unethical, or illegal ends Abuse of Power: misuse of authority for harmful, unethical, or illegal ends Formal Authority: power to give orders and enforce rules that has been defined in a legal or official way Formal Authority: power to give orders and enforce rules that has been defined in a legal or official way Legitimacy: quality of being accepted as authority, often applied to laws or those in power Legitimacy: quality of being accepted as authority, often applied to laws or those in power

5. Mandate of Heaven: Chinese belief that the ruler was the “Son of Heaven” thus the supreme authority Mandate of Heaven: Chinese belief that the ruler was the “Son of Heaven” thus the supreme authority Divine Right of Kings: European belief that monarchs had “God given” right to rule thus absolute power Divine Right of Kings: European belief that monarchs had “God given” right to rule thus absolute power Social -Contract Theory: the idea that the legitimacy of a government stems from an unwritten contract between the ruler and the ruled; a ruler who breaks this contract by abusing people’s rights loses legitimacy and may be overthrown Social -Contract Theory: the idea that the legitimacy of a government stems from an unwritten contract between the ruler and the ruled; a ruler who breaks this contract by abusing people’s rights loses legitimacy and may be overthrown

7. Public Good: Public Good: a product or service that is available for all people to consume, whether they pay for it or not The 2 principles of government are: The 2 principles of government are: 1.Means of coercion 2.Means of collecting revenue Revenue: Revenue: government income, raised through taxes and other means, to be used for public expense Tribute: Tribute: payments in money or goods to ancient empires by smaller states that were under their control

8. Polity: Ancient Greek concept of representative government in which the well-intentioned many rule for the benefit of all Polity: Ancient Greek concept of representative government in which the well-intentioned many rule for the benefit of all Nation-State: an independent state, especially one in which the people share a common culture Nation-State: an independent state, especially one in which the people share a common culture All nation states contain: All nation states contain: 1.Territorial integrity: A nation-state occupies a specific geographic territory, with internationally recognized boundaries. 2.Stable population: A nation-state has people living permanently within its boundaries. 3.Code of laws: The people of a nation-state agree to live under a common legal system. 4.National sovereignty: A nation-state is independent and self-governing. Sovereignty: the right to exercise supreme authority over a geographic region, a group of people, or oneself Sovereignty: the right to exercise supreme authority over a geographic region, a group of people, or oneself

10. Politics: the process and method of making decisions for groups, generally applied to governments though also seen in other human interactions Politics: the process and method of making decisions for groups, generally applied to governments though also seen in other human interactions Political activity can range from listening to the news to running for a political office Political activity can range from listening to the news to running for a political office Institutions: an established organization, especially one providing a public service, and the rules that guide it Institutions: an established organization, especially one providing a public service, and the rules that guide it Examples= Schools, hospitals, government buildings, etc. Examples= Schools, hospitals, government buildings, etc.

12. Some of the different political games are: Some of the different political games are: 1.“Horse Trading/Win-Win” ex. MO. compromise 2. “Walkout” ex. Strike 3. “Power Struggle” ex. Machiavelli 4. “Demolition Derby” ex. Political War 5. “Civil Disobedience” ex. Gandhi Machiavellian: Machiavellian: cunning or ruthless methods to obtain and maintain power; associated with the political philosophy of Niccoló Machiavelli that “the end justifies the means” Civil Disobedience: Civil Disobedience: form of protest in which people disobey a law they consider unjust Civil: Civil: having to do with citizens, as in civil rights