1. FROM NEUTRALITY TO INTERVENTION The Road to War…

2. MORE WORDS AND PHRASES TO KNOW: Anschluss Blitzkrieg Cash and carry Lend Lease Agreement (definitions on following slides)

3. ANSCHLUSS Union between Austria and Germany

4. BLITZKRIEG Lightning war with tanks and planes attacking at the same time.

5. CASH AND CARRY European countries could purchase non-military goods Pay cash, carry goods home on THEIR vessels

6. LEND LEASE AGREEMENT President can sell, give, lease weapons Purpose: protect U.S. Allies could use weapons

7. WHY THE CALL FOR ISOLATIONISM IN AMERICA? Horrors of WWI Trench warfare, stalemates, physical/psychological damage War profiteering and Tax evasion (WWI) Some munitions plants profited unfairly Federal government prosecuted businessmen Media encouraged hostility toward war

8. Purpose: Act as safeguards to prevent the U.S. from being dragged into another Euro-conflict NEUTRALITY ACTS

9. NEUTRALITY ACT OF 1935 Est. mandatory arms embargo Citizens warned not to travel Neutrality Act of 1936 renewed these provisions. Neutrality Act of 1937 added cash and carry policy

10. FOCUS: JAPAN Japan invaded China in 1931 Purpose: first step in taking over Asia

11. AGGRESSION CONTINUES THROUGHOUT 1930S

12. 1937 – JAPAN ATTACKS 5 NORTHERN PROVINCES OF CHINA Purpose: take natural resources Results Mass murder of civilian populations Japanese gain more land/resources in China Seen as “aggressor nation”

13. FDR called for economic embargo of aggressors No supplies/weapons/money for Japan Critics said U.S. becoming “interventionists” Japan sank U.S. gunboat (in daylight) Isolationists pressure no action from FDR Inaction seen as weakness (to Japan) U.S. RESPONSE: “QUARANTINE SPEECH”

14. Great Britain - Churchill Soviet Union - Stalin United States - Roosevelt Germany - Hitler Italy - Mussolini Japan - Tojo THE POWER STRUGGLE Axis PowersAllied Powers