1. MATTER (S UBSTANCES ) Unit 2

2. W HAT IS MATTER ? Anything that has mass and occupies space. All living and non-living things around us are made up of matter. Air, water, glass, sugar, and rope are example of matter. What is not Matter? ENERGY

3. C LASSIFYING M ATTER Element - a pure substance Compound – 2 or more elements chemically combined Mixture – 2 or more substances physically combined

4. Element consists of only one type of particle. Different elements are made up of different types of particles. For examples, iron is made up of iron particle and oxygen is made up of oxygen particles

5. ELEMENT

6. Compound is formed when two or more elements combine chemically in a chemical reaction. For example, water is formed when hydrogen reacts chemically with oxygen. Examples of compounds are water and carbon dioxide.

7. COMPOUND

8. Mixture is made up of two or more components which are mixed physically. They may be mixed by stirring, shaking, or dissolving. Examples of mixtures are blood, air, and iced lemon tea.

9. MIXTURE

11. T YPES OF MIXTURE

15. STATE OF MATTER Solid – has volume and shape Liquid – has volume, no definite shape Gas – no definite volume and shape

18. A RRANGEMENT & MOVEMENT OF PARTICLES IN MATTER CharacteristicsSolidLiquidGas Arrangement of particles Very close together Close togetherFar apart Spaces between particles Very small spaceSmall spacesBig spaces Movement of particles Cannot move freely (vibrate) Can move freely, collide each other Can move freely, collide each other at high speeds

19. C HANGE OF STATE

20. ChangeFromToHeatExample SublimationSolidGasAddedMoth balls disappear when left in cupboard for a few days. DepositionGasSolidRemovedIodine vapor will turn into needle crystals of black iodine. Boiling/ Evaporation LiquidGasAddedRain water dries up under the Sun MeltingSolidLiquidAddedIce cubes turn to water at room temperature. Freezing/ Solidification LiquidSolidRemovedWater turns into ice when left in freezer. CondensationGasLiquidRemovedDrops of water form on the mirror when taking a hot bath.

21. CLASSIFY ELEMENTS Metals – solid at room temperature except mercury (ductile, malleable, good conductors, high boiling point & melting points) Non-metals – mostly gases (low boiling points & melting points, poor conductors) Metalloids – have both properties of metal and non-metals VOCABULARY Ductile – ability to be stretched into a wire. Malleable –able to be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking. Conductor - an object or type of material that allows the flow of electrical current in one or more directions

22. THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS

23. M ETALS, N ON - METALS, METALLOIDS All metals are solid at room temperature except mercury. In general, metals have shiny surfaces. Examples are gold, aluminium, copper, iron, lead, silver, platinum, uranium and zinc Most non-metals are gases. Examples of non- metals are carbon, bromine, sulphur, and iodine. Usually have dull surfaces. Metalloids are unique as they have some properties of metals and other properties of non- metals at different conditions. Examples of metalloids are silicon, germanium, and arsenic.

24. METALS Shiny surface Malleable Ductile Good Heat Conduction Good Electricity Conduction High Melting and boiling point PROPERTIES

25. Ductility is the ability for a material to be pulled into a thin wire. Malleability is the ability for a material to be flattened into a thin sheet.

26. G OOD VS. POOR HEAT CONDUCTION

27. N ON -M ETALS Dull Not malleable Poor Heat Conduction Poor Electricity Conduction Low melting and boiling point Brittle PROPERTIES

28. METALLOIDS

29. W ORK ASSIGNMENT CLASSWORK: Write in your notebook: 1. What is matter? 2. What are the three states of matter? Describe each one of them. 3. Find at least 5 metals and 5 non-metals in your in the school and identify their properties and uses.

30. R EAD AND ANSWER 1. Draw a table that shows the difference between Solid, Liquid and Gas 2. Name 3 types of metal and describe their uses. 3. Give 3 ways of separating mixture and describe each of them. 4. What is the difference between sublimation and deposition?

31. PROJECT COMPLETION SCHEDULE Finalizing the Topic based on research and observation Formulating Hypothesis Experiment/Survey Planning Identifying Materials Creating Steps/Procedure Starting the Experiment/Survey Record Data Continual Research Finishing the Experiment Obtaining Final Data Analyze Experiment/Data Results State the Conclusion Communicate Results Build a Tri-fold Presentation (facts, pictures and data table, results) Encode, edit, print your Scientific Work /Paper Prototype or experiment samples (optional) WEEK 1 (June 24-30)WEEK 2 (July 1-7)