1. Chapter 4 Tissues Lecture Outline
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2. Outline Organs and Tissues Meristematic Tissues
Apical Meristems
Lateral Meristems
Intercalary Meristems
Tissues Produced by Meristems
Simple Tissues
Complex Tissues

3. I. Organs and Tissues Plant Organs: 1. ____________ 2. ____________
3. ____________
4. ____________
Tissue =
Classification

4. II. (1) Meristematic Tissue
A. Apical Meristems
Meristems:
Apical Meristems =
Location
Primary Growth =
Leaf

5. Lateral Meristems = B. Lateral Meristems TWO TYPES Vascular Cambium :
Secondary Growth = __________
TWO TYPES
Vascular Cambium :
Vascular Tissue
Location:
Cork Cambium :
Cork Cambium
Vascular Cambium
CROSS-SECTION OF TREE TRUNK

6. III. Mature Tissues & Cells A. (2) Simple Tissues
Parenchyma cells =
TYPES
Parenchyma T.
Parenchyma cells:
Structure:
alive
Function:
location

7. Transfer cells – increased surface area of membrane
Leaf cross section
Chlorenchyma Cells:
Function
Structure/Shape
Transfer cells – increased surface area of membrane
Nectaries of flowers:

8. Collenchyma tissue Collenchyma cells: Cell walls: Function:
“C” for ________
Collenchyma cells

9. Sclerenchyma tissue Characteristics of cells: Cell Walls: Function:
Sclereids
Sclerenchyma tissue
Characteristics of cells:
Cell Walls:
Function:
CELL TYPES:
Sclereids - Stone Cells
Fibers
- Shape & Structure:
- Location:
Fibers in cross section and longitudinal section

10. Fibers in cross section and longitudinal section

11. Spiral thickenings on vessel walls
Vessels
elements
B. (3) Complex Tissues:
Vascular tissues:
TISSUE SUB-TYPES
Xylem – FUNCTION:
Cell Types:
Vessels -
Vessel elements:
Structure:
Dead
Cell Walls:
Angiosperms only
Spiral thickenings on vessel walls

12. Vessel Elements in Cross-Section

13. Rays - Function in lateral conduction and food storage
Xylem Cell Types …
Tracheids
Structure:
Cell Wall:
Pits:
Cross-Section of Tracheids
Rays - Function in lateral conduction and food storage
Xylem Ray

14. Phloem – Function: Cell Types: Sieve Tube Members: - Cell Walls:
Vascular Tissue …
Phloem – Function:
Cell Types:
Phloem
Sieve Tube Members:
- Cell Walls:
- Sieve Plates
Nucleus?
Sieve Tubes
Companion cells – Function:
Structure:
Cross-Section of Phloem

15. Epidermis Location & Function Cuticle: Cutin: Wax Functions:
Complex Tissues …
Epidermis
Location & Function
Cuticle:
Cutin: Wax
Functions:
Leaf cross section

16. Epidermal Guard Cells: Root Hair Cells: CELL TYPES Stomata: Function:
Epidermis Tissue …
CELL TYPES
Epidermal
Guard Cells:
Stomata:
Function:
Root Hair Cells:
Root Hairs
Stomata & Guard Cells
Epidermis of Root w/ Hairs

17. Periderm with lenticel
Complex Tissues …
Periderm – in woody plants only
Outer bark
Cell Types:
Cork Cells
Dead
Suberin:
Function:
Parencyma cells
Periderm with lenticel
Lenticels -

18. Secretory Cells and Tissue
Function
Flower nectar
Citrus oils
Latex
Resins

19. Review Organs and Tissues Meristematic Tissues
Apical Meristems
Lateral Meristems
Intercalary Meristems
Tissues Produced by Meristems
Simple Tissues
Complex Tissues