1. Genetics Practice Questions

2. Standard 2a: The process by which traits pass from parents to offspring is called A spontaneous generation. B cell movement. C heredity. D specialization.

3. Standard 2a: The process by which traits pass from parents to offspring is called Answer: C heredity.

4. Standard 2b: Which type of reproduction results in offspring that have some genetic information in common with each parent? A cloning B asexual C budding D sexual

5. Standard 2b: Which type of reproduction results in offspring that have some genetic information in common with each parent? Answer: D sexual

6. Standard 2b: When sex cells combine to produce offspring, the offspring gets A all of its chromosomes from one parent cell. B none of its chromosomes from either parent cell. C 50 percent of its chromosomes from each parent cell. D 25 percent of its chromosomes from one parent cell and 75 percent of its chromosomes from the other parent cell.

7. Standard 2b: When sex cells combine to produce offspring, the offspring gets Answer: C 50 percent of its chromosomes from each parent cell.

8. Standard 2c: Genes determine whether you have dimples, what color eyes you have, and even your ability to roll your tongue. What is the role of a gene in inheritance? A The gene contains chromosomes that show an organism’s traits. B The gene gets messages from its cell about showing certain traits. C The gene has nerves that send messages to the brain, controlling specific traits. D The gene is a section of DNA that controls a trait that the organism inherits.

9. Standard 2c: Genes determine whether you have dimples, what color eyes you have, and even your ability to roll your tongue. What is the role of a gene in inheritance? Answer: D The gene is a section of DNA that controls a trait that the organism inherits.

10. Standard 2c: Many traits such as height and hair color that include a wide range of phenotypes are controlled by which of the following? A only dominant genes B only recessive genes C many genes D sex-linked genes

11. Standard 2c: Many traits such as height and hair color that include a wide range of phenotypes are controlled by which of the following? Answer: C many genes

12. Standard 2c: Which is an example of a human trait that is controlled by a single gene? A ability to read B attached or free earlobes C eye color D skin color

13. Standard 2c: Which is an example of a human trait that is controlled by a single gene? Answer: B attached or free earlobes

14. Standard 2d: Scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait A a hybrid. B homozygous. C purebred. D a factor.

15. Standard 2d: Scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait Answer: A a hybrid.

17. Blood type is determined by a single gene with three alleles. The chart shows which combinations of alleles result in each blood type. A baby has blood type AB. What can you infer about the baby’s parents? A Neither has type AB blood. B Both have type AB blood. C One has type A blood, and the other has type B blood. D Neither has type O blood.

18. Blood type is determined by a single gene with three alleles. The chart shows which combinations of alleles result in each blood type. A baby has blood type AB. What can you infer about the baby’s parents? Answer: B Both have type AB blood.

19. Standard 2d: Mendel concluded that the alleles for tall stems in pea plants are dominant. Thus, crossing a purebred tall pea plant with a purebred short pea plant should result in A all tall plants. B all short plants. C all medium height plants. D half short and half tall plants.

20. Standard 2d: Mendel concluded that the alleles for tall stems in pea plants are dominant. Thus, crossing a purebred tall pea plant with a purebred short pea plant should result in Answer: A all tall plants.

21. Standard 2d: In the Punnett Square below, what percentage of the offspring will have purple flowers? A 25% B 50% C 75% D 100%

22. Standard 2d: In the Punnett Square above, what percentage of the offspring will have purple flowers? Answer: A 25%

23. Standard 2d: In the Punnett Square below, what percentage of the offspring are capable of passing on either the trait for white flowers or the trait for purple flowers to their offspring? A 25% B 50% C 75% D 100%

24. Standard 2d: In the Punnett Square below, what percentage of the offspring are capable of passing on either the trait for white flowers or the trait for purple flowers to their offspring? Answer: B 50% because Ww can pass on a W (white flower gene) or a w (purple flower gene)

25. Standard 2c: Some people have hair on the middle segment of each finger and some people do not. This characteristic is under genetic control. Which of the following statements is true? A The hair results from a mutation. B Each person has two or more alleles for this trait. C The genes that cause this trait are codominant. D The genes that cause this trait are unknown.

26. Standard 2c: Some people have hair on the middle segment of each finger and some people do not. This characteristic is under genetic control. Which of the following statements is true? Answer: B Each person has two or more alleles for this trait.

27. Standard 2e: The diagram shows A DNA. B RNA. C proteins. D ribosomes.

28. Standard 2e: The diagram shows Answer: A DNA.

29. Standard 2e: What is DNA? A an energy-rich organic compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen B a drug that slows down the activity of the central nervous system C the genetic material that is passed from parent to offspring D the region of a cell located inside the cell membrane in prokaryotes

30. Standard 2e: What is DNA? Answer: C the genetic material that is passed from parent to offspring

31. Standard 2e: Which of the following is made up of strands of DNA? A allele B chromosome C gene D nucleus

32. Standard 2e: Which of the following is made up of strands of DNA? Answer: B chromosome

33. Standard 2e: Which of the following are found in the nucleus of a cell? A chloroplasts B chromosomes C Golgi apparatus D mitochondria

34. Standard 2e: Which of the following are found in the nucleus of a cell? Answer: B chromosomes

35. Standard 2b: At the end of mitosis, chromosomes provide each daughter cell with A half the parent’s genetic material. B an exact copy of the parent’s genetic material. C twice the amount of the parent’s genetic material. D four times the amount of the parent’s genetic material.

36. Standard 2b: At the end of mitosis, chromosomes provide each daughter cell with Answer: B an exact copy of the parent’s genetic material.

37. Standard 2e: As a result of mitosis in a human body cell, each of the two nuclei formed has which of the following? A 12 chromosomes B 92 chromosomes C 23 chromosomes D 46 chromosomes

38. Standard 2e: As a result of mitosis in a human body cell, each of the two nuclei formed has which of the following? Answer: D 46 chromosomes

39. Standard 2e: Down Syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra #21 chromosome, giving a person an abnormal total of 47 chromosomes.

40. Standard 2: A cell must have a complete set of DNA because DNA A contains the cell’s genetic material. B converts sunlight to sugar in photosynthesis. C packages and transfers proteins. D produces energy from stored food.

41. Standard 2: A cell must have a complete set of DNA because DNA Answer: A contains the cell’s genetic material.

47. Standard 7c: Natasha is writing a lab report for an experiment she performed in class. She writes, “The results demonstrate that cells divide faster at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures.” Which section of the lab report should contain this sentence? A hypothesis B list of materials C conclusion D observations

48. Standard 7c: Natasha is writing a lab report for an experiment she performed in class. She writes, “The results demonstrate that cells divide faster at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures.” Which section of the lab report should contain this sentence? Answer: D observations

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53. Standard 2b: What set of chromosomes demonstrates one male and one female offspring? A XX and XXY B XX and XY C XXO and XYO D XY and XY

54. Standard 2b: What set of chromosomes demonstrates one male and one female offspring? Answer: B XX and XY

57. Standard 5b: The squid uses the following structures for feeding A Brain, Beak, Ink Sac, Siphon B Brain, Beak, Tentacles, Arms C Brain, Siphon, Tentacles, Arms D Brain, Gills, Tentacles, Arms

58. Standard 5b: The squid uses the following structures for feeding Answer: B Brain, Beak, Tentacles, Arms

59. Standard 5d: The squid uses the following structure(s) for reproduction A Male gonad that produces billions of sperm B Female gonad that produces millions of eggs C Both A and B are correct D None of the above

60. Standard 5d: The squid uses the following structure(s) for reproduction C Both A and B are correct Female gonad produces eggs (clear) and male gonad produces sperm (white).

61. Standard 5d: Although squid produce millions of fertilized eggs, the reason the ocean is not filled with squid is, some eggs A die naturally B get eaten by fish and other animals C get washed up on the beach D all of the above

62. Standard 5d: Although squid produce millions of fertilized eggs, the reason the ocean is not filled with squid is, some eggs A die naturally B get eaten by fish and other animals C get washed up on the beach D all of the above

63. Standard 3a: Squid have many predators so they must have a variety of highly evolved structures to help protect them, including A Chromataphores for camouflage B Ink sac to startle prey C Siphon to swim away quickly D All of the above

64. Standard 3a: Squid have many predators so they must have a variety of highly evolved structures to help protect them, including A Chromataphores for camouflage B Ink sac to startle prey C Siphon to swim away quickly D All of the above

65. http://genetics.thetech.org/online- exhibits/zooming-dna