1. Who Rules? Forms of Government

2. When people decide to form the social contracts that we call governments, they make many different decisions about how their government will look. President or King? Rule by few or rule by all? Hold elections? Where do the rulers get their power?

3. Democracy Any form of government in which political power is exercised by all citizens, either directly or through their elected representatives. There are two kinds of Democracies … Presidential! Parliamentary!

4. Presidential Democracy  All citizens participate in government by voting.  President does not make laws.  The President is head of government (in charge of day to day government stuff) and chief of state (in charge of ceremonial stuff).  The citizens vote for both the Legislature AND the Executive Leader.

5. Parliamentary Democracy  Like Presidential Democracy, all citizens participate in government by voting.  People elect the Legislature (Parliament).  Legislature (Parliament) selects Executive Leader (Prime Minister).  Executive Leader (Prime Minister) is head of government.  Chief of state has little power (example: Queen of England).

6. Fill in the blanks to review DEMOCRACY !

7. The two forms of democracy are __________ and ___________________. Presidential Parliamentary

8. In a democracy, all __________ participate in government by voting. citizens

9. Citizens vote for both the Executive Leader and the Legislature in a ______________________. presidential democracy

10. In a presidential democracy, both the Executive Leader and the Legislature are directly accountable to ________________. the people

11. In a parliamentary democracy, the Legislature is directly accountable to ______________________. the people

12. In a parliamentary democracy, the Executive Leader is directly accountable to ______________________. the Legislature

13. Now that we’ve talked about PRESIDENTIAL DEMOCRACY! And PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY! we can move on to forms of government where only one person is in control…

14. Autocracy A form of government in which political power is controlled by one individual such as a monarch, dictator, emperor, etc. We’re going to talk about two kinds of autocracy … Monarchs! Dictators!

15. Absolute Monarchy  Rule by kings, queens, princes, and princesses… sometimes by other names, but always MONARCHS!  Leaders usually gain their power because their parents were rulers too…they inherit the power.  Some modern monarchies like Spain and Japan have constitutions.

16. Dictatorship  In a dictatorship, power is not inherited, but is acquired by force (military or political)  Dictators have absolute control over the lives of their citizens and usually people are not allowed to voice their negative opinions  North Korea’s leader Kim Jong Un is considered a dictator and inherited his position when his father, Kim Jong Il, died.

17. What else? We’ve talked about DEMOCRACIES… Democracy is… rule by the people!

18. What else? … and AUTOCRACIES… Autocracy is… … rule by one!

19. … but what other forms of government are there? What else? What if, instead of everyone or just one person, a few people got together to rule a nation? Rule by Few!

20. Oligarchy “Rule by few”  “Rule by few”  Power can be based on several things: Military strength = Military Junta Military strength = Military Junta Family power = Aristocracy Family power = Aristocracy Religious control = Theocratic Oligarchy Religious control = Theocratic Oligarchy  Oligarchies can often come from or lead to other forms of government (like autocracies)

21. Wow! There are so many forms of government! And remember there are also combinations… What is a government ruled by one person who inherited the power called?

22. WHEW! We had better review… Time for some “A or B!”

23. Democracy AB Rule by everyone Rule by no one

24. Presidential Democracy AB Citizens elect only the Legislature. The Legislature elects the Executive Leader. Citizens vote for the Executive Leader and the Legislature.

25. Parliamentary Democracy AB Citizens vote for the Executive Leader and the Legislature. Citizens elect only the Legislature. The Legislature elects the Executive Leader.

26. Autocracy AB Rule by one Rule by few

27. Monarchy AB Never have constitutions Power is inherited

28. Dictatorship AB Always protect freedom of speech Have total control

29. Oligarchy AB Power is always inherited Rule by a small group