1. Nanomaterialer – udgør de et miljø- og sundhedsmæssigt problem? Steffen Foss Hansen, Laura Roverskov Heggelund, Pau Revilla Besora, Aiga Mackevica, Alessio Boldrin, Anders Baun

2. 2DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark

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5. 5 Nanoproducts Unclear what is on the marked Unclear what consumers are exposed to Unclear how much consumers and the environment is exposed to Hampers quantitative consumer exposure assessment

6. 6DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark The Nanoproductdatabase (www.nanodb.dk) 2012: Initiated ”The Nanodatabase” DTU Environment The DK Ecocouncil & The DK Consumer Council

7. 7DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark

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10. 10DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark

11. 11DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark

12. 12DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark

13. 13DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark

14. 14DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark NanoRiskCategorisation

15. 15DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark NanoRiskCat Prof. end-usersConsumers Environment Humans ExposureEffects

16. 16DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark = High = Medium = Low = Unknown

17. 17DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Determining exposure Hansen et al. 2008 Ecotoxicology 17(5):438-447

18. 18DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Examples of determining exposure TiO2 in sunscreen C60 lubricants CNT baseball bats Prof. end-usersConsumers Environment

19. 19DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Human effects NM HARN? Bulk CLP? NM Acute tox? NM associated with: –CMR? –Respiratory tox? –CVD? –Neurotox? –Organ accumulation?

20. 20DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Environmental effects Bulk CLP? Bulk LC50< 10 mg/l? NM LC50< 100 mg/l? NM T1/2 > 40 days? NM BCF > 50? NM dispersive? NM ecosystem effects? NM novel?

21. 21DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark CNT - HARN, Ecotox = 40 d Human effectsEnvironmental effects

22. 22DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Consumers

23. 23DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Environment

24. 24DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Humans

25. 25DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Environment

26. 26DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Do Your Own Analysis!

27. 27DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Limitations Based on ”nano-claims” –Yes, but we cannot a this point do independent validation Products are ”all red” –Could seems so, but they turn red for different reasons (HARN vs. CMRs) Crude hazard assessment –What do you mean? Crude exposure assessment –Yes, but the producers do not provide information that would enable more detailed exposure assessment

28. 28DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Tools for nanoparticle characterization Single Particle ICP-MS –Size distribution –Particle number concentration –Particle mass concentration –Dissolved metal concentration –Chemical composition Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) –Particle shape –Agglomeration/aggregation –Size

29. 29DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Silver nanoparticle release from toothbrushes http://www.aliexpress.com http://www.beautyofnewyork.com 10 6 particles/L Mackevica et al. (in prep.)

30. 30DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark

31. 31DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Tiede et al. 2015 Aim Identified types of NPs likely to reach water sources Method Derived worst case concentrations of NPs in raw water and treated drinking water Used simple exposure model Results Titanium oxide-, zinc- and silicon-based NPs likely to be found in the highest concentrations in treated waste and drinking waters Carbon-based (C), iron oxide and silver nanoparticles rank in positions 6, 7 and 8, respectively Worst case predicted concentrations in drinking waters were in the low- to sub-g/l range and more realistic estimates were tens of ng/l or less.

32. 32DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Funding Thank you very much –DK EPA (2010-2011) –Villum Foundation (2012-2014) –EnvNANO (2013-2015) –SUN (2014-2015) –DEFRA This work is part of the project ENVNANO (Environmental Effects and Risk Evaluation of Engineered Nanoparticles) supported by the European Research Council (grant no. 281579). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under EC-GA No. 604305 ‘SUN’

33. 33DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark Thank you for your Attention! ? ’sfh@env.dtu.dk